某船用齿轮箱基座的振动特性分析  

Vibration Characteristics of Marine Gearbox Base

作　　者：刘震 叶辉 陈雪华 闫旭辉 贾龙凯 封富顺 赵海涛 滕德彬 曾昭勇 刘玉锋 陈洁 陈曦 牟沛 宋金朋 LIU Zhen;YE Hui;CHEN Xuehua;YAN Xuhui;JIA Longkai;FENG Fushun;ZHAO Haitao;TENG Debin;ZENG Zhaoyong;LIU Yufeng;CHEN Jie;CHEN Xi;MOU Pei;SONG Jinpeng(Chongqing Gearbox Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 402263,China;School of Intelligent Manufacturing and Automobile,Chongqing Open University,Chongqing 602260,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆齿轮箱有限责任公司,重庆402263 [2]重庆开放大学智能制造与汽车学院,重庆602260

出　　处：《装备环境工程》2024年第8期145-152,共8页Equipment Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(202119ZZ)。

摘　　要：目的保证船用齿轮箱在不同试验工况下的振动噪声的设计要求,对船用齿轮箱基座的振动特性进行分析。方法首先对船用齿轮箱基座进行模态分析,分析齿轮箱基座在不同阶数下有效质量与总质量的比值,同时提取不同方向下的有效质量与参与系数最大的模态进行分析。然后利用频响计算中的完全法对某型船用齿轮箱基座进行振动响应计算,提取3个点结果进行有限元分析,并利用锤击法对某型船用齿轮箱基座的3个测点进行机械阻抗的测试。结果通过有效质量分析,提取了前1000阶中的主要模态,分析模态发现,在齿轮箱基座的大部分区域,结构响应几乎为0,20、923、131、162、10阶出现模态为同一局部区域的模态,且23、131阶模态表现为平动及扭转振型。有限元频响计算结果表明,有限元计算结果在低频段的阻抗值更加稳定。随着频率增加,阻抗值逐渐降低,测试值的对数平均值与参考值的差值最大值为11.46 dB。计算值的对数平均值与参考值的差值最大值为10.3 dB,且逐渐接近100 dB。计算值的对数平均值与测试值对数平均值的差值均在2 dB左右。结论通过计算发现,有限元计算值接近参考值,且与参考值大多数差值均在10 dB之内。计算值与测试值接近,可以作为船用齿轮箱基座的振动噪声设计依据,为后续各型号船用齿轮箱基座优化设计打下了坚实的基础,极大提升了数字化驱动设计技术水平。The work aims to analyze the vibration characteristics of marine gearbox bases to ensure the design requirements of vibration noise of marine gearboxes under different test conditions.Firstly,the modal analysis of marine gearbox bases was carried out to analyze the ratio of effective mass to total mass under different orders of gearbox bases.At the same time,the modes with the maximum effective mass and participation coefficient under different directions were extracted for analysis.Then the vibration response of a certain type of marine gearbox bases was calculated according to the complete method of frequency response calculation,and the results of three points were extracted for a finite element analysis.The mechanical impedance of three measuring points of a certain type of marine gearbox bases was measured by hammer method.Through effective mass analysis,the main modes in the first 1000 orders were extracted.The modal analysis found that the structural response in most regions of the gearbox base was almost zero.The modes of order 20,923,131,162 and 10 were the same local modes,and the modes of order 23 and 131 showed translational and torsional modes.The results of finite element frequency response calculation showed that the impedance value of finite element calculation was more stable in low frequency band.As the frequency increased,the impedance value gradually decreased,and the difference between the logarithmic mean of the test value and the reference value reached a maximum of 11.46 dB.The maximum difference between the logarithmic mean of the calculated value and the reference value was 10.3 dB and gradually approached 100 dB.The difference between the logarithmic average of the calculated value and the logarithmic average of the tested value was about 2 dB.It is found that the calculated value is close to the reference value.Most of the difference between the reference value and the reference value is within 10 dB.The calculated value is close to the test value,which can be used as the basis for the

关 键 词：模态分析 机械阻抗 有限元动力学计算 齿轮箱基座 振动测试 频响分析 

分 类 号：U664.2[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]