2022年西藏自治区察雅县幼儿园藏族儿童营养状况分析  

Analysis on nutritional status of Zang nationality children in kindergartens in Zhag'yab county, Xizang autonomous region in 2022

作　　者：郭蕾[1] 施欣[1] 唐本玉[1] 尼玛 张晓乾 次仁吉宗 朱顺叶[1] GUO Lei;SHI Xin;TANG Ben-yu;Nyima;ZHANG Xiao-qian;TSRING Kyizom;ZHU Shun-ye(Department of Pediatrics,The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510630,China;Zhagyab County People's Hospital)

机构地区：[1]中山大学附属第三医院儿科,广东广州510630 [2]察雅县人民医院

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2024年第5期372-377,共6页Preventive Medicine Tribune

摘　　要：目的 分析2022年西藏自治区察雅县幼儿园藏族儿童的营养状况,为当地卫生决策提供参考依据。方法 采用横断面调查方法,对2022年西藏自治区察雅县13个乡镇的1 263名3~7岁幼儿园藏族儿童进行身高、体质量测量及血红蛋白检测。采用标准统计量检定法(Z值法),用WHO儿童成长测评软件计算每个儿童的年龄别身高Z值(HAZ)、年龄别体质量Z值(WAZ)、年龄别体质量指数Z值(BAZ)及3~4岁儿童的身高别体质量Z值(WHZ)。依据WHO营养不良及贫血诊断标准,评价儿童营养状况。结果 西藏自治区察雅县幼儿园藏族儿童各年龄组HAZ中位数均为负数,3、5、6岁组儿童WAZ中位数为负数,5、6岁组儿童BAZ中位数为负数。农村儿童各项营养评价指标Z值中位数均为负数;城市儿童除HAZ外,其余营养评价指标Z值中位数均为正数。全体幼儿园儿童除WHZ外,其余营养评价指标Z值中位数均为负数。营养不良总体检出率为23.2%,生长迟缓、低体质量、消瘦、超重、肥胖及贫血的检出率分别为10.7%、10.2%、9.3%、3.6%、1.5%及24.5%。男童消瘦率和贫血率低于女童,生长迟缓、低体质量、超重、肥胖及营养不良总检出率均高于女童,差异均无统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为0.019、1.162、0.037、0.422、3.787、3.789、2.182,P值分别为0.848、0.516、0.891、0.052、0.052、0.140、0.281)。农村儿童营养不良、生长迟缓、低体质量、消瘦及贫血检出率均高于城市儿童,超重率及肥胖率低于城市儿童,除肥胖率及贫血率外,差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别8.419、21.597、12.623、5.994、2.028、3.910、1.280,P值分别为0.004、<0.001、<0.001、0.014、0.154、0.048、0.258)。不同年龄组间超重率、肥胖率及贫血率的差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别12.664、16.776、16.813,P值分别为0.011、0.001、0.002)。结论 察雅县幼儿园藏族儿童的营养不良率及贫血率较高,以农村儿童的营养�Objective To understand the physical development level of Zang nationality preschool children in Zhag'yab county, so as to provide the reference for local health decision-making. Methods A cross-sectional study with a sample of 1 263 3-7 years old Zang nationality children from kindergartens in 13 districts of Zhag'yab county, Xizang autonomous region.Their height and weight were measured and the hemoglobin was detected by a unified method.Standard statistical method was adopted(Z-score method).Z-scores of length/height-for-age(HAZ),Z-scores of weight-for-age(WAZ),Z-scores of body mass index(BMI)-for-age(BAZ) and Z-scores of weight-for-height(WHZ) were calculated by WHO Anthro v3.2.2 and WHO Anthro Plus.The nutritional status of children was evaluated according to WHO diagnostic criteria for malnutrition and anemia. Results In Zhag′yab county of Xizang autonomous region, the median HAZ of kindergarten children in all age groups was negative, the median WAZ of children in 3,5 and 6 years old was negative, and the median BAZ of children in 5 and 6 years old was negative.The median Z-values of all nutrition evaluation indexes of rural children were negative.Except HAZ,the median Z-values of the other nutritional evaluation indexes of urban children were all positive.Except WHZ,the median Z-value of other nutritional evaluation indexes of all kindergarten children was negative.The overall detection rate of malnutrition was 23.2%,the detection rates of stunting, underweight, wasting, overweight, obesity and anemia were 10.7%,10.2%,9.3%,3.6%,1.5% and 24.5% respectively.The wasting rate and anemia rate of boys were lower than those of girls, and the other detection rates were higher than those of girls, with no statistical significance(χ^(2)=0.019,1.162,0.037,0.422,3.787,3.789,2.182;P=0.848,0.516,0.891,0.052,0.052,0.140,0.281 respectively).The detection rates of malnutrition, stunting, underweight, wasting and anemia in rural children were higher than those in urban children, and the rates of overweight and obesity w

关 键 词：儿童 营养不良 贫血 藏族 

分 类 号：R723[医药卫生—儿科]