叶片槽隙的汽穴分割效应对诱导轮空化的抑制作用  

Suppression of Cavitation Inducer by Cavitation Division Effect of Blade Gap

作　　者：王晓晖[1] 李柯剑 苗森春 申正精[1] 张凯 Wang Xiaohui;Li Kejian;Miao Senchun;Shen Zhengjing;Zhang Kai(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院,兰州730050

出　　处：《水动力学研究与进展（A辑）》2024年第3期330-339,共10页Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金(2022M712676);甘肃省杰出青年基金(20JR10RA203);兰州理工大学红柳优青计划(2020)。

摘　　要：为提升某型高速燃油泵的空化性能,该文基于汽穴分割提出了两种不同槽隙的诱导轮方案:全开槽隙和半开槽隙,并采用数值模拟对不同空化数时的诱导轮流场进行研究,将全开槽隙诱导轮模型(全开模型)与半开槽隙诱导轮模型(半开模型)的流场与原模型进行对比分析。研究结果表明:相比原模型,全开模型的扬程、效率都有明显提高;半开槽隙对水力性能的影响较小。在设计工况下,半开槽隙有着更好的抗空化性能;偏工况下,全开槽隙的抗空化性能更好。对诱导轮叶片进行槽隙处理可有效阻止叶片进口低压区的扩张,利用槽隙的分割作用将叶片进口部位分布的大尺度空泡分割为若干小尺度空泡,可抑制各工况下空化的发生与发展。此外,槽隙还能降低诱导轮进口处的压力脉动幅值,但对出口处的影响不大。全开槽隙诱导轮可明显降低进口叶缘处的湍动能分布,并减少进口段的能量耗散。In order to improve the cavitation performance of a high-speed fuel pump,two inducer schemes with different slots are proposed based on cavitation division.Numerical simulation and experimental verification are used to study the flow field of inducer with different cavitation numbers,and the flow fields of the fully slotted inducer model(fully open model)and semi-slotted inducer model(semi-open model)are compared with the original model.The results show that compared with the original model,the lift and efficiency of the fully open model are obviously improved,and the semi-slotted gap has little effect on hydraulic performance.Under the design condition,the semi-slotted gap has better anti-cavitation performance.Under eccentric working conditions,the anti-cavitation performance of fully slotted gap is better.The slot treatment of the inducer blade can effectively prevent the expansion of the low pressure area at the inlet of the blade,and the large-scale cavitation distributed at the inlet of the blade is divided into several small-scale cavitation by the division of the slot,which can inhibiting the occurrence and development of cavitation under various working conditions.In addition,the gap can also reduce the amplitude of pressure fluctuations at the inducer inlet,but it has little effect on the outlet.The fully slotted gap significantly reduces the turbulent kinetic energy distribution at the inlet blade edge of the inducer and reduces the energy dissipation at the inlet section.

关 键 词：燃油泵 诱导轮 叶片槽隙 汽穴分割 空化抑制 

分 类 号：TH311[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]