基于油墨挥发成分判鉴涉案文件形成时间的研究进展  

Research Progress on the Formation Time of Questioned Documents Based on Ink Volatile Components

作　　者：张祉悦 赵鹏程[1] 南策 王逸飞 王宗兴 ZHANG Zhi-Yue;ZHAO Peng-Cheng;NAN Ce;WANG Yi-Fei;WANG Zong-Xing(Criminal of School Science and Technology,Criminal Investigation Police University of China,Shenyang 110035,China)

机构地区：[1]中国刑事警察学院刑事科学技术学院,沈阳110035

出　　处：《应用化学》2024年第8期1085-1097,共13页Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry

基　　金：公安部科技强警基础工作计划项目(Nos.2022JC03,2023JC05)资助。

摘　　要：油墨(墨水)作为文件图文中的重要组成部分,是法庭科学领域中的关键物证,对相关组分进行深入研究和准确鉴定,在案件侦破和审判过程中具有重要意义。不同的油墨(墨水)的挥发成分可能不同,因此这些挥发成分在油墨(墨水)的鉴定和形成时间的判断上具有重要作用。根据应用领域和成分等要素的不同对油墨(墨水)的种类和组分进行了梳理,并对用于挥发成分鉴定的多种仪器方法进行了介绍,主要包括紫外-可见吸收光谱法、红外光谱法、拉曼光谱法、荧光光谱法、气相色谱法、气质联用法和质谱法等,这些方法各有优缺点,适用于不同的油墨(墨水)。此外,对油墨(墨水)挥发成分检验方法的发展做了展望,指出了目前的方法存在的缺陷,以期为法庭科学文件检验工作者提供参考和借鉴。Ink as an important part of documents is a key material evidence in the field of forensic science.Its in-depth study and accurate identification are of great significance for the detection and trial of cases.Different inks may have different volatile components,so these volatile components play an important role in the identification of ink and the judgment of the writing age.According to the different application fields and components,the types and components of ink are sorted out,and various instrument methods for the identification of volatile components are introduced,mainly including UV-Vis spectroscopy,Raman spectroscopy,infrared spectroscopy,fluorescence spectroscopy,gas chromatography,gas-liquid combination method,mass spectrometry,etc.These methods have their own advantages and disadvantages,and are suitable for different inks.In addition,the development of ink volatile component testing methods is prospected,and the existing defects in the current methods are pointed out,in order to provide reference for forensic science document testing workers.

关 键 词：溶剂成分 形成时间 光谱法 色谱法 质谱法 

分 类 号：O657[理学—分析化学]