收入增长与相对贫困治理——一种新的相对贫困变动测度模型及应用  

Income Growth and Relative Poverty Governance:A New Measurement Index of Relative Poverty Change and Its Application

作　　者：庞泓[1] 刘穷志[2] Pang Hong;Liu Qiongzhi

机构地区：[1]兰州大学经济学院 [2]武汉大学经济与管理学院

出　　处：《统计研究》2024年第8期126-138,共13页Statistical Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“兼顾经济增长目标的财政再分配机制研究”(21AJY005);甘肃省人文社会科学一般项目“甘肃省脱贫攻坚与乡村振兴有效衔接问题研究”(20ZZ28);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“我国居民收入分配差距研究”(17LZUJBWZY006)。

摘　　要：本文构建一种新的相对贫困变动测度指数(Measurement Index of Relative Poverty Change,简称RPC指数)来测度一段时期内相对贫困的变动。为分析收入增长对相对贫困的减贫效果,本文进一步构建RPC指数的分解模型,既可测度相对贫困群体及社会总体分项收入增长对相对贫困变动的影响和贡献,也可测度样本分组内部相对贫困变动及其对总体相对贫困变动的贡献。基于RPC指数及其分解模型,本文采用中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)2014年至2020年4期家庭人均收入面板数据,分析我国城乡居民收入增长对相对贫困变动的影响。研究发现,社会整体收入增长不具有自动消减相对贫困的作用;相较于中位数收入,以平均收入为基数制定相对贫困线能更敏锐地反映居民收入增长分布的合理性;城乡居民分项收入的增长对相对贫困变动的影响不尽相同,在治理相对贫困时需予以不同的考量。This paper constructs a new measurement index of relative poverty change(RPC index)to measure the changes in relative poverty over a period of time.To measure the poverty reduction effect of income growth on relative poverty,this paper further constructs a decomposition model of the RPC index.The model can not only measure the impact and contribution of sub-item income growth of both the relative poverty group and the overall society on relative poverty change,but also measure the relative poverty change within the subgroup and its contribution to the relative poverty change of overall society.Finally,based on RPC index and its decomposition model,this paper uses the panel data of household per capita income of Chinese Family Panel Studies(CFPS)from 2014 to 2020 to explore the impact of income growth of Chinese urban and rural residents on the relative poverty change.The research has found that the income growth of the overall society does not have the function of automatically reducing relative poverty;Compared with median income,using average income as the base for the relative poverty line can more accurately reflect the rationality of the distribution of residents'income growth;As the growth of sub-item income of urban and rural residents has different effects on the relative poverty change,different considerations should be taken in the governance of relative poverty.

关 键 词：贫困测度 贫困变动分解 相对贫困 收入增长 

分 类 号：C813[社会学—统计学]