基于行动者网络的生态旅游地多元主体冲突的演变及形成机制——以湖北省神农架为例  

Evolution and Formation Mechanism of Multi-subject Conflicts in Ecotourism Destinations Based on the Actor-network Theory:A Case Study of Shengnongjia,Hubei Province

作　　者：刘海朦 胡静[1,2] 吕丽 LIU Haimeng;HU Jing;LYU Li(College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,Hubei,China;Wuhan Branch of China Tourism Academy,Wuhan 430079,Hubei,China;Tourism and Aviation Service College,Wuhan Polytechnic,Wuhan 430074,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学城市与环境科学学院,中国湖北武汉430079 [2]中国旅游研究院武汉分院,中国湖北武汉430079 [3]武汉职业技术学院旅游与航空服务学院,中国湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《经济地理》2024年第7期214-222,共9页Economic Geography

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(20CMZ033);华中师范大学优秀研究生教育创新资助项目(2023CXZZ026);中国旅游研究院(研究生)优奖计划基金资助课题;湖北经济与社会发展研究院招标项目(22HZJS07)。

摘　　要：文章基于行动者网络理论构建了生态旅游地多元主体冲突分析的理论框架,以湖北省神农架为案例地,运用质性分析方法解析了多元主体冲突的演变及形成机制。结果表明:①生态旅游地冲突是行动者网络构建过程中人类和非人类行动者利益失衡而引发的异议,具有动态变化性;②冲突随着行动者的增加逐渐趋于复杂化,呈现萌芽、显化和升级的渐进式发展趋势;③资本分化和利益受损是冲突形成的内在根源和直接原因,制度缺位或失灵是冲突形成的充分条件,权力失衡、社会分层和旅游失序则是中介条件。This study constructs the theoretical framework of multi-subject conflicts in ecotourism destinations based on the actor-network theory(ANT)in the case of Shennongjia,and reveals evolution and formation mechanism of multisubject conflicts.The results show that:1)Conflicts of ecotourism destinations are dissents triggered by benefit imbalance between human and non-human actors in the process of the actor network construction,with dynamic change characteristic.2)With the increase of actors,it shows a gradual development trend from germination stage to exposure stage and escalation stage.3)Benefit imbalance is the direct driving factor for multi-subject conflicts,discrepancy in capital possession is the fundamental factor that drives conflicts,the absence or failure of institutions is the sufficient condition of the formation of conflicts,and the imbalance of power,social stratification and tourism disorder are the intermediary conditions.

关 键 词：生态旅游 旅游地冲突 行动者网络理论 冲突演变 形成机制 多元主体 

分 类 号：F590.3[经济管理—旅游管理]