经皮穴位电刺激对老年患者腰椎融合内固定术围术期镇痛效果的影响  

Effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation on perioperative analgesia in elderly patients undergoing lumbar fusion internal fixation

作　　者：何庆标 黎玉辉[1] 梁雨晴 HE Qingbiao;LI Yuhui;LIANG Yuqing(Department of Anesthesiology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine,Guangdong Clinical Research Academy of Chinese Medicine,Guangzhou 510405,China)

机构地区：[1]广州中医药大学第一附属医院麻醉科,广东省中医临床研究院,510405

出　　处：《临床麻醉学杂志》2024年第9期933-937,共5页Journal of Clinical Anesthesiology

摘　　要：目的探讨经皮穴位电刺激(TEAS)对老年患者腰椎融合内固定术围术期镇痛效果的影响。方法选择择期行两个节段以内腰椎减压融合内固定术的老年患者82例,男57例,女25例,年龄65~74岁,BMI 18.5~24.0 kg/m^(2),ASAⅠ—Ⅲ级。采用随机数字表法将患者分为两组:TEAS组和对照组,每组41例。两组均采用气管插管静脉全身麻醉。TEAS组于麻醉诱导前30 min行TEAS,持续至术毕,术后连续2 d行TEAS,每天1次,每次30 min,刺激穴位取双侧合谷穴、内关穴、足三里穴。对照组于相同穴位上贴电极片,不进行电刺激。两组于麻醉诱导后在超声引导下行双侧竖脊肌平面阻滞(ESPB)。术毕连接镇痛泵行PCIA。记录穴位刺激前、切皮时的HR、MAP。记录术中丙泊酚、瑞芬太尼用量和舒芬太尼追加次数,并计算追加率。记录术后2、4、8、12、24、48 h静息和活动(翻身)时的VAS疼痛评分。记录镇痛泵首次按压时间、术后48 h内舒芬太尼用量、镇痛泵有效按压次数与实际按压次数之比(D_(1)/D_(2))、补救镇痛和术后不良反应发生情况。结果与对照组比较,TEAS组切皮时HR明显减慢,MAP明显降低,术中舒芬太尼追加率明显降低,术后2、4、8、12、24、48 h活动时VAS疼痛评分明显降低,术后12、24、48 h静息时VAS疼痛评分明显降低,镇痛泵首次按压时间明显延长,术后48 h内舒芬太尼用量明显减少,D_(1)/D_(2)明显升高,补救镇痛率、术后恶心呕吐与头晕发生率明显降低(P<0.05)。结论TEAS为老年患者腰椎融合内固定术提供较好的围术期镇痛效果,减少阿片类药物用量,延长术后镇痛时间,并降低术后不良反应的发生率。Objective To explore the effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation(TEAS)on perioperative analgesia in elderly patients undergoing lumbar fusion internal fixation.Methods Eighty-two elderly patients undergoing lumbar fusion internal fixation within two levels,57 males and 25 females,aged 65-74 years,BMI 18.5-24.0 kg/m^(2),ASA physical statusⅠ-Ⅲ,were randomly divided into two groups:TEAS group and control group,41 patients in each group.Both groups were given tracheal intubation intravenous general anesthesia.TEAS group was treated with TEAS from 30 minutes before anesthesia induction to the end of the operation,and continued TEAS for 2 days after surgery,once a day,30 minutes once time,and the stimulation sites were bilateral Hegu,Neiguan,and Zusanli.In the control group,the electrodes were only connected at the same time point without electrical stimulation.Both groups were treated with bilateral erector spinae plane block(ESPB)under ultrasound guidance after anesthesia induction.PCIA was performed by connecting the analgesic pump after operation.HR and MAP before stimulation and at the time of skin incision were recorded.The dosage of propofol and remifentanil and the number of sufentanil additions during operation were recorded.The addition rate of sufentanil was calculated.The resting and activity VAS pain scores 2,4,8,12,24,and 48 hours after operation were recorded.First compression time of analgesic pump,the consumption of sufentanil 48 hours after operation,the ratio of effective pressing times of analgesic pump to actual pressing times(D_(1)/D_(2)),rescue analgesia rate and adverse reactions were recorded.Results Compared with control group,HR was slowed down significantly and MAP was decreased significantly at the time of skin incision in TEAS group,the rate of sufentanil additions,the activity VAS scores 2,4,8,12,24,and 48 hours after operation,the resting VAS pain scores 12,24,and 48 hours after operation in TEAS group were significantly decreased,the first compression time of analge

关 键 词：腰椎融合内固定术 竖脊肌平面阻滞 经皮穴位电刺激 老年 镇痛 

分 类 号：R614[医药卫生—麻醉学]