基于UAV-SfM数字模型的滇中环状构造地表与地形特征分析  

Analysis of Surface and Topographic Features of Central Yunnan Ring Structure Based on UAV-SfM Digital Model

作　　者：罗为东 甘淑[1,2] 袁希平 陈成 李绕波 毕瑞 朱智富 LUO Weidong;GAN Shu;YUAN Xiping;CHEN Cheng;LI Raobo;BI Rui;ZHU Zhifu(School of Land and Resources Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;Plication Engineering Research Center,Spatial Information Surveying and Mapping Technology in Plateau and Mountainous Areas Set by Universities in Yunnan Province,Kunming 650093,China;Key Laboratory of Mountain Real Scene Point Cloud Data Processing and Application for Universities,West Yunnan University of Applied Sciences,Dali 671006,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,昆明650093 [2]云南省高校高原山地空间信息测绘技术应用工程研究中心,昆明650093 [3]滇西应用技术大学云南省高校山地实景点云数据处理及应用重点实验室,大理671006

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2024年第8期361-373,共13页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(62266026)。

摘　　要：地表特征与自然灾害密切相关,对维护生态环境和深入了解地表演化过程及地质构造特征具有重要作用。通过无人机(Unmanned aerial vehicle,UAV)航测和运动恢复结构(Structure from motion,SfM)技术构建的高空间分辨率数字模型,在滇中环状构造地貌开展地表覆盖信息和地形特征的分布关系分析。结果表明:在裸岩、裸土和植被混合区域,从定性和定量分析中发现DeepLabv3+算法相比于RF算法在试验区地表覆盖信息提取中有较好的提取效果。点云经滤波得到地面点,选择交叉验证中均值误差和均方根误差最小的Kriging算法构建分辨率0.1 m的数字高程模型(Digital elevation model,DEM),解译一阶坡面、二阶坡面和复合坡面的多种地形因子,根据相关性分析选取6种地形因子构建了综合地形分析模型(Comprehensive terrain analysis model,CTAM)。经过分析地表覆盖信息中覆盖面积最大裸土、植被与地形的联系,CTAM中每个等级像元数量与总像元数量百分比中,Ⅱ级占比最高,为28.87%,Ⅰ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ占比分别为18.39%、13.82%和17.29%。UAV-SfM技术能有效捕捉环状构造表面特征,可为该地区地质研究与资源管理提供技术手段和科学依据。Surface features are closely related to natural disasters and have a significant impact on maintaining the ecological environment and deeply understanding the evolutionary process of the earth's surface and geological structural characteristics.High spatial resolution digital models constructed through unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)aerial surveys and structure from motion(SfM)technology were used to analyze the distribution relationship between land cover information and terrain features in the circular tectonic landforms of central Yunnan.The results showed that in areas with a mix of bare rock,bare soil,and vegetation,DeepLabv3+algorithm was found to have better extraction effectson land cover information in the experimental area compared with the RF algorithm,both qualitatively and quantitatively.Ground points obtained from filtered point clouds,and the Kriging algorithm with the smallest mean error and root mean square error in cross-validation was chosen to construct a 0.1 m resolution digital elevation model(DEM)to interpret various terrain factors such as first-order slopes,second-order slopes,and compound slopes.Based on correlation analysis,six types of terrain factors were selected to construct a comprehensive terrain analysis model(CTAM).After analyzing the connection between the land cover information with the largest coverage area(bare soil and vegetation)and the terrain,within CTAM,the percentage of each grade's pixel number to the total pixel number was the highest at 28.87%for GradeⅡ,with GradesⅠ,Ⅳ,andⅤaccounting for 18.39%,13.82%,and 17.29%,respectively.UAV-SfM technology can effectively capture the surface features of circular structures and provide technical means and scientific basis for geological research and resource management in the region.

关 键 词：环状地貌 UAV-SfM数字模型 地表覆盖 地形特征 滇中 

分 类 号：P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]