外源生物强化下水稻秸秆好氧-厌氧两相发酵产甲烷特性研究  

Effect of Exogenous Biological Enhancement on Methane Production Characteristics of Aerobic-anaerobic Two-phase Fermentation of Rice Straw

作　　者：何董 罗立娜[2,3] 徐名汉 刘莹[5] 丁清华 孙勇 秦楠[2] HE Dong;LUO Li'na;XU Minghan;LIU Ying;DING Qinghua;SUN Yong;QIN Nan(Key Laboratory of Research,Development and Application of New and Renewable Energy in Guangdong Province,Guangzhou 510640,China;School of Engineering,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;Key Laboratory of Agricultural Renewable Resources Utilization Technology and Equipment in Cold Areas of Heilongjiang Province,Harbin 150030,China;State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment Technology,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences Group Co.,Ltd.,Bejing 100083,China;Heilongjiang Agricultural Reclamation Management Cadre College,Harbin 150090,China;School of Modern Agriculture and Environment,Weifang Institute of Technology,Weifang 262500,China;Shandong Luxi Dasheng Environmental Protection Co.,Ltd.,Weifang 262128,China;Key Laboratory of Pig-breeding Facilities Engineering,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Harbin 150030,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省新能源和可再生能源研究开发与应用重点实验室,广州510640 [2]东北农业大学工程学院,哈尔滨150030 [3]黑龙江省寒地农业可再生资源利用技术及装备重点实验室,哈尔滨150030 [4]中国农业机械化科学研究院集团有限公司农业装备技术全国重点实验室,北京100083 [5]黑龙江农垦管理干部学院,哈尔滨150090 [6]潍坊理工学院现代农业与环境学院,潍坊262500 [7]山东禄禧大盛环保科技有限公司,潍坊262128 [8]农业农村部生猪养殖设施工程重点实验室,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2024年第8期401-409,共9页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52306228);黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(LH2021E005);广东省新能源和可再生能源研究与发展重点实验室开放项目(E239kf0501);黑龙江省博士后科研启动基金项目(LBH-Q21067);黑龙江省“揭榜挂帅”科技攻关项目(2022ZXJ05C02)。

摘　　要：采用生物强化方法强化水稻秸秆好氧水解过程,并研究绿色木霉及添加量(占总料液质量分数3%、5%、7%和9%)对其发酵特性的影响。好氧水解阶段生物强化时间为24 h,随后在35℃条件下进行厌氧发酵产甲烷潜力测试试验。结果表明,与对照组相比,添加绿色木霉进行生物强化各组的木质纤维素降解率、挥发性脂肪酸(VFAs)产量及产气率均有不同程度的提高,VFAs均以乙酸为主。利用Modified Gompertz对累积产甲烷量进行拟合,拟合结果较好,绿色木霉添加量为3%、5%、7%、9%的各预处理试验组累积产甲烷量分别为198.28、211.351、228.44、234.78 mL/g,比CK对照组产甲烷量分别提高18.89%、26.72%、36.96%、40.76%,添加7%绿色木霉组的综合效果最好,在此条件下半纤维素、纤维素、木质素降解率分别为36.86%、31.57%、7.43%,甲烷产量较CK组提高36.96%。好氧水解过程中优势菌群为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)等,其中厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)相对丰度随水解时间的延长而减少,绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)相对丰度增加,表明添加菌剂能够改变菌群结构,促进好氧水解反应的进行。The aerobic hydrolysis process of rice straw was enhanced by biological reinforcement method,and the effects of green Trichoderma and its addition amount(3%,5%,7%,and 9%of the total feed mass fraction)on its fermentation characteristics were studied.The biological enhancement time in the aerobic hydrolysis reactor was 24 h,followed by anaerobic fermentation methane production potential testing under 35℃conditions.The results showed that compared with the control group,the addition of Trichoderma viride for biological enhancement resulted in varying degrees of improvement in the degradation rate of lignocellulose,production of volatile fatty acids(VFAs),and gas production rate in each group,with acetic acid being the main component of VFAs.The cumulative methane production was fitted by using Modified Gompertz,and the fitting results were good.The cumulative methane production of each pre-treatment experimental group with 3%,5%,7%,and 9%addition of Trichoderma viride was 198.28 mL/g,211.351 mL/g,228.44 mL/g,and 234.78 mL/g,respectively.Compared with that of the CK control group,the methane production was increased by 18.89%,26.72%,36.96%,and 40.76%,respectively.The results showed that the comprehensive effect of adding 7%Trichoderma viride was the best.Under these conditions,the degradation rates of hemicellulose,cellulose and lignin were 36.86%,31.57%,and 7.43%,respectively,and the methane production was increased by 36.96%.The dominant bacterial communities during aerobic hydrolysis were Firmicutes,Chloroflexi,Proteobacteria,and Bacteroidetes.Among them,the relative abundance of Firmicutes was decreased with the prolongation of hydrolysis time,while the relative abundance of Chloroflexi and Bacteroidetes was increased,indicating that the addition of microbial agents could change the structure of bacterial communities and promote the progress of aerobic hydrolysis reaction.

关 键 词：水稻秸秆 厌氧发酵 好氧水解 生物强化 绿色木霉 产甲烷特性 

分 类 号：S216.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程]