权利束视角下体育赛事转播权数据财产权说的补正、型构与平衡——基于新《体育法》第52条第2款的制度解释  

The Correction,Type,and Balance of the Data Property Right Theory of Sports Broadcasting Rights from the Perspective of Bundle of Rights-An Institutional Interpretation Based on Article 52(2)of the New Sports Law

作　　者：袁若梓 苟轶清 杨涛[3] YUAN Ruozi;GOU Yiqing;YANG Tao(Kenneth Wang School of Law,Soochow University,Suzhou 215006,Jiangsu,China;Graduate Department,Xi'an Physical Education University,Xi'an 710068,China;School of Sports Economics and Management,Xi'an Physical Education University,Xi'an 710068,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学王健法学院,江苏苏州215006 [2]西安体育学院研究生部,西安710068 [3]西安体育学院体育经济与管理学院,西安710068

出　　处：《西安体育学院学报》2024年第3期315-323,共9页Journal of Xi'an Physical Education University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(18BTY066);陕西省教育厅青年创新团队建设科研计划项目(21JP099);陕西省科技厅软科学一般项目(2023-CX-RKX-168)。

摘　　要：运用文献资料法、逻辑分析法等研究方法,阐释体育赛事转播权数据财产权说的证成及不足,对引入权利束理论的必要性、可行性及功能展开路径进行学理分析。研究发现,数据财产权说为体育赛事转播权的权属界定、请求权基础规范的确定提供了思路,但仍存在以下不足:忽略了新《体育法》第52条第2款所规定的体育赛事转播权存在多个主体的可能;未能实现对体育赛事转播权的积极权能构造;可能加剧体育赛事组织者对体育赛事数据的绝对垄断和独占。对此,权利束理论作为分析方法,能够解释体育赛事转播链条上多元主体权利交织的现象,更弹性地认识和描述不同的权利主张,阐明权利冲突后价值顺位的确定依据。同时,鉴于体育赛事转播权利束存在束点,且具备财产权的利益性、享有性和排他性,因而权利束的功能展开具备可行性。据此,探索其功能展开路径:弥合既有研究成果与新《体育法》相关条款的脱节;厘清体育赛事转播权的积极权能构造;实现体育赛事转播权链条上多元主体间的利益衡平。The research methods of literature consultation and logical analysis are used to explain the evidence and shortcomings of the data property right theory of sports broadcasting rights,and to analyze the necessity,feasibility,and functional development of the bundle of rights theory.It is found that the theory of data property rights provides ideas for defining the ownership of the right to broadcast sports events and determining the basis of the right to claim,but there are still the following shortcomings:it ignores the possibility of multiple subjects of the right to broadcast sports events as stipulated in Article 52(2)of the new Sports Law;it fails to realize the positive power construction of the right to broadcast sports events;it may aggravate the absolute monopoly and monopoly of sports event data by the organizers of sports events.In this regard,the bundle of rights theory,as an analytical method,can explain the phenomenon of intertwined rights of multiple subjects in the chain of sports event broadcasting,recognize and describe different rights claims in a more flexible manner,and clarify the basis for determining the subordination of values after the conflict of rights.At the same time,given the existence of a bundle of rights in the broadcasting of sports events,and the interest,enjoyment and exclusivity of property rights,the functional development of the bundle of rights is feasible.Accordingly,the following paths are explored:bridging the gap between the existing research results and the relevant provisions of the new Sports Law;clarifying the positive structure of the right to broadcast sports events;and realizing the balance of interests among multiple subjects in the chain of the right to broadcast sports events.

关 键 词：体育赛事转播权 数据财产权 权利束理论 价值位阶 利益衡平 

分 类 号：D912.16[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]