不同味觉刺激对老年人群吞咽相关大脑皮层激活模式的研究  

Study on activation of cortical areas related to swallowing in elderly populationunder different taste stimulation

作　　者：周哲 陈芳元 王亚芹 赵苡雯 陈志群 田威 龚雪莲 郑洁皎 Zhou Zhe;Chen Fangyuan;Wang Yaqin;Zhao Yiwen;Chen Zhiqun;Tian Wei;Gong Xuelian;Zheng Jiejiao(Department of Neurorehabilitation II,The First Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai,Shanghai,200090,P.R.China;Department of Rehabilitation Medicine,Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University,Shanghai,200040,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]上海市第一康复医院神经康复二科,上海200090 [2]复旦大学附属华东医院康复医学科,上海200040

出　　处：《老年医学与保健》2024年第4期1027-1032,共6页Geriatrics & Health Care

基　　金：上海市卫生健康委员会科研项目(201940392);上海康复医学临床医学研究中心项目(21MC1930200);上海市科委项目(22Y31900200);上海市杨浦区双委课题(YPM202311)。

摘　　要：目的基于功能性近红外光谱技术探索不同味觉刺激对老年人群大脑皮层不同功能区激活的影响。方法纳入2023年1月—2023年3月在上海市第一康复医院体检的19名老年受试者(平均年龄:70.7±7.2岁),在吞咽辣味溶液、酸味溶液和蒸馏水时,应用功能性近红外光谱成像技术记录双侧前额叶及双侧运动区的含氧血红蛋白浓度,分析在不同味觉吞咽任务下受试者大脑皮层激活模式的差异。结果在吞咽酸味、辣味溶液时,可显著激活缘上回部分、前运动皮层和辅助运动区、背外侧前额叶、额下回后部、额极区、前额叶下回(P<0.05),酸味溶液还显著激活了右侧初级运动皮层(P<0.05);吞咽酸味溶液与吞咽蒸馏水相对比,右侧缘上回部分(P<0.05)、双侧前运动皮层和辅助运动区(P<0.05)、右侧背外侧前额叶(P<0.05)、双侧额极区(P<0.05)、右侧前额叶下回(P<0.01)显著激活。吞咽酸味溶液与吞咽辣味溶液相对比,右侧前额叶下回显著激活(P<0.05)。结论不同味觉刺激可影响老年人群吞咽相关大脑皮层激活,酸味刺激可促进右侧初级运动皮层的激活,可能对于老年人群吞咽障碍的防治具有潜在的应用价值。Objective To explore the effects of different taste stimulation on activation of different functional areas of cerebral cortex in elderly population based on functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS).Methods Nineteen elderly participants(mean age:70.7±7.2 years)who underwent health examinations in The First Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai from January to March 2023 were enrolled.When they swallowed spicy solution,sour solutionand and distilled water,fNIRSimaging technologywas used to record the concentrations of oxygenated hemoglobin(HbO 2)in bilateral prefrontal lobes and bilateral motor areas.The differences in cortical activation patterns of subjectsunder different taste swallowing tasks were analyzed.Results When swallowing sour and spicy solutions,it could significantly activate the supramarginal gyrus part,premotor cortex and supplementary motor area,dorsolateral prefrontal cortex,posterior inferior frontal gyrus,frontopolar area,and inferior prefrontal gyrus(P<0.05).The sour solution also significantly activated the right primary motor cortex(P<0.05).Compared with swallowing distilled water,swallowing sour solution significantly activated the right supramarginal gyrus part(P<0.05),bilateral pre-motor cortex and supplementary motor area(P<0.05),right dorsolateral prefrontal lobe(P<0.05),bilateral frontopolar area(P<0.05),and right inferior prefrontal gyrus(P<0.01).Compared with swallowing spicy solution,swallowing sour solution significantly activated the right inferior prefrontal gyrus(P<0.05).Conclusion Different taste stimulation can affect the activation of the cerebral cortex related to swallowing in elderly population.Sour taste stimulation can promote the activation of the right primary motor cortex,which may have potential application value for the prevention and treatment of swallowing disorders in elderly people.

关 键 词：老年 吞咽 味觉刺激 功能性近红外光谱技术 皮层激活 

分 类 号：R338.3[医药卫生—人体生理学]