Assessing and Comparing Smallholders’Vulnerability to Climate Change among Countries in the Pan-Third Pole Region  

泛三极地区的小农户气候变化脆弱性评估与国别对比研究

作　　者：XU Xiangbo XU Ce LI Chang FU Chao ZHOU Yunqiao 徐湘博;许策;李畅;付超;周云桥(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室,中国生态系统研究网络(CERN)综合研究中心,北京100101;联合国环境署国际生态系统管理伙伴计划,北京100101;自然资源部国土整治中心,北京100035;自然资源部土地工程技术创新中心,北京100035;中国科学院大学,北京100049;中国科学院青藏高原研究所,青藏高原地球系统与资源环境重点实验室,北京100101)

机构地区：[1]Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China [2]International Ecosystem Management Partnership,United Nations Environment Programme,Beijing 100101,China [3]Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Center,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100035,China [4]Technology Innovation Center for Land Engineering,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100035,China [5]University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China [6]State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System,Resources and Environment,Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China

出　　处：《Journal of Resources and Ecology》2024年第4期1015-1026,共12页资源与生态学报（英文版）

基　　金：The National Natural Science Foundation of China(7231101308,72374190,31861143015);The Strategic Priority Research Program of theChinese Academy of Sciences(XDA20010303).

摘　　要：A comprehensive assessment of climate change vulnerability is imperative for formulating effective adaptation strategies and advancing sustainable development goals.As one of the most climate-vulnerable regions globally,the Pan-Third Pole area lacks transnational vulnerability assessments,which poses a significant obstacle to efficient climate adaptation.This study conducted transnational comparisons based on primary micro-survey data collected uniformly across Nepal,Cambodia,Thailand,and Myanmar,which are all located in the Pan-Third Pole region.Evaluating and comparing the vulnerabilities employed an extended framework of climate change indicators.The findings reveal substantial variations in vulnerability among the countries,with Cambodia exhibiting the highest vulnerability,followed by Thailand,Myanmar,and Nepal in descending order,primarily due to differences in exposure.Household exposure to climate change also varied significantly.Sensitivity scores decreased in the order of Nepal>Cambodia>Thailand>Myanmar,with demographic factors,tap water accessibility,and land being the major contributors and sources of differentiation among the countries.Regarding adaptability,Thailand demonstrated the highest adaptability,with human and financial capital as the key differentiators.The outcomes underscore the need for tailored policy measures addressing the diverse vulnerabilities,including enhancing household disaster prevention and capital protection.Furthermore,targeted international investments are crucial for improving adaptability among smallholders in this unique region.全面评估气候变化脆弱性对于制定有效的适应战略和推进可持续发展目标至关重要。泛三极地区是全球气候最为脆弱的地区之一,但当前跨国脆弱性评估研究的缺乏为该地区科学提出气候变化适应策略带来了挑战。本研究利用在尼泊尔、柬埔寨、泰国和缅甸等位于泛三极地区的国家统一收集的一手微观调查数据,采用气候变化指标的扩展框架进行了气候变化脆弱性评估和跨国比较研究。研究结果表明,国别之间的脆弱性存在明显差异,其中柬埔寨的脆弱性最高,其次是泰国、缅甸和尼泊尔,这主要是由暴露性的差异导致的。敏感性得分按尼泊尔、柬埔寨、泰国和缅甸的顺序依次下降,人口因素、自来水可及性和土地是各国敏感性差异的主要来源。在适应性方面,泰国表现出了最高的适应性,人力资本和金融资本是导致差异的关键因素。本研究强调需要采取因地制宜的政策措施来降低脆弱性,包括加强家庭灾害预防和生计资本保护。此外,针对性的国际投资对于提高泛三极地区小农户的气候变化适应能力也同样至关重要。

关 键 词：climate change vulnerability SMALLHOLDER sustainable development Pan-Third Pole region 

分 类 号：S162[农业科学—农业气象学]