2013—2022年贵港市流行性感冒流行特征及暴发疫情分析  

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics and outbreaks of influenza in Guigang City from 2013 to 2022

作　　者：陆雪兰 韦光 包成就 梁正林 廖道志 吴事陈 LU Xuelan;WEI Guang;BAO Chengjiu;LIA NG Zhenglin;LIAO Daozhil;WU Shichen(Department of Epidemic Prevention and Control,Guigang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guigang Guangxi,537100,China;Ofice,Guigang Gangbei District Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,Guigang Guangxi,537100,China)

机构地区：[1]贵港市疾病预防控制中心流行病防制科 [2]贵港市港北区疾病预防控制中心办公室

出　　处：《职业与健康》2024年第12期1636-1640,1646,共6页Occupation and Health

基　　金：广西壮族自治区卫生健康委员会西医自筹课题(Z-R20231952)。

摘　　要：目的分析2013—2022年贵港市流行性感冒(流感)流行特征和暴发疫情处置情况,为制定有效防控策略和措施提供参考依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统中的“监测报告管理系统”和“中国流感监测信息系统”模块收集2013—2022年贵港市流感病例监测报告和暴发疫情相关信息数据,并对数据进行分析。结果2013—2022年贵港市共报告流感病例18835例,死亡4例,年平均发病率为43.59/10万。各年龄段人群均有病例报告,0~<6岁组(9810例)和6~<11岁组(3853例)的发病人数居多,占总病例数的72.54%(13663/18835)。年均发病率排前3位的县(市、区)分别是港南区(125.18/10万)、港北区(89.13/10万)、覃塘区(37.82/10万),不同县(市、区)流感发病率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=17767.888,P<0.05)。发病高峰呈现单峰和双峰交替,主要集中在每年12月到次年1月和4—7月。2013—2022年贵港市共收集哨点医院送检的流感样病例咽拭子11361份,检测出流感病毒核酸阳性标本1724份,总核酸阳性率为15.17%,其中甲型流感1060例,占61.48%,乙型流感664例,占38.52%。2013—2022年共报告暴发疫情25起,其中乙型流感13起,甲型流感12起;每起事件平均涉及病例56.04例;首发病例的发病日期至暴发疫情的平均报告日期为5.76 d,日期间隔集中于7 d以内,最长为9 d;暴发疫情持续时间集中在8(7,14)d;暴发疫情的发现时间与疫情持续时间呈正相关(r=0.387,P<0.05);25起暴发事件有22起发生在学校。结论2013—2022年贵港市流感流行期以冬春季为主,发病高峰大多为每年11—12月份及次年1月份,2022年出现夏季流行高峰,不同流感监测年度各流感亚型交替流行,应进一步加强对流感的监测与预警;婴幼儿和儿童为流感高危人群,学校是流感尤其是暴发疫情的高发场所。针对高危人群,应加强流感疫苗接种的宣传动员,以提高流感疫苗的接种率,严防流感疫情大�Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics and the handling of the outbreak of influenza in Guigang City from 2013 to 2022,so as to provide a reference for formulating effective prevention and control strategies and measures.Methods The"Monitoring Report Management System"and"China Influenza Monitoring Information System"modules in the China Disease Control and Prevention Information System were used to collect influenza case monitoring reports and outbreak related information data in Guigang City from 2013 to 2022,and the data were analyzed.Results A total of 18835 influenza cases were reported in Guigang City from 2013 to 2022,with 4 deaths,and the annual average incidence rate was 43.59/100000.Cases had been reported in all age groups,with the majority of cases occurring in the 0-<6 age group(9810 cases)and the 6-<11 age group(3853 cases),accounting for 72.54%of the total number of cases(13663/18835).There was a statistically significant difference in influenza incidence rate among different counties(cities and districts)(χ^(2)=17767.888,P<0.05).The peak of incidence presented alternating single and double peaks,mainly concentrated from December to January and April to July of the following year.From 2013 to 2022,a total of 11361 throat swabs of influenza like cases were collected from sentinel hospitals in Guigang City,and 1724 influenza virus nucleic acid positive samples were detected.The total nucleic acid positive rate was 15.17%,including 1060 cases of influenza A,accounting for 61.48%,and 664 cases of influenza B,accounting for 38.52%.From 2013 to 2022,a total of 25 outbreaks were reported,including 13 cases of influenza B and 12 cases of influenza A.The average number of cases involved in each event was 56.04.The average reporting date from the onset date of the first case to the outbreak of the epidemic was 5.76 days,with a date interval concentrated within 7 days and a maximum of 9 days,and the duration of the outbreak was concentrated in 8(7,14)days.The discovery time of the outbreak was pos

关 键 词：流行性感冒 流感病毒 暴发 流行病学特征 病原学 贵港市 

分 类 号：R181.81[医药卫生—流行病学]