复合生防菌对香蕉枯萎病的防效及其促生作用  

Control Effect of Composite Microbial Agent on Banana Fusarium Wilt and Its Growth-promoting Effect

作　　者：甘林[1] 代玉立[1] 兰成忠[1] 刘晓菲 杨秀娟[1] GAN Lin;DAI Yu-li;LAN Cheng-zhong;LIU Xiao-fei;YANG Xiu-juan(Institute of Plant Protection,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests,Fujian Engineering Research Center for Green Prevention and Control of Crop Pests,Fuzhou,Fujian 350013,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院植物保护研究所/福建省作物有害生物监测与治理重点实验室,福建省作物有害生物绿色防控工程研究中心,福建福州350013

出　　处：《福建农业科技》2024年第6期13-18,共6页Fujian Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：福建省科技计划省属公益类项目(2021R1024004);国家重点研发项目(2021YFC2600402);福建省财政专项-福建省农业科学院植物保护创新团队建设项目(CXTD2021027);福建省人民政府、中国农业科学院“5511”协同创新工程(XTCXGC-2021011)。

摘　　要：香蕉枯萎病是香蕉生产上重要土传病害,生物防治是目前预防该病害发生的有效途径之一。通过不同生防菌平板生长共培养法和发酵液抑菌活性测定法,获得1组复合生防菌(解淀粉芽孢杆菌NJ-1+木霉菌T05-49)。采用发酵液灌根法测定了复合生防菌(NJ-1+T05-49)对香蕉枯萎病的防治效果、促生作用以及对根际土壤微生物种群数量的影响。结果表明:复合生防菌、解淀粉芽孢杆菌NJ-1和木霉菌T05-49发酵液对香蕉枯萎病的防效分别为78.92%、66.46%和52.46%。与解淀粉芽孢杆菌NJ-1和木霉菌T05-49发酵液相比,复合生防菌处理对病害的防效分别提高了18.75%和50.43%,株高和主根长度的增幅分别达9.22%、26.87%和8.58%、21.95%。复合生防菌处理21 d后,根际土壤中细菌和放线菌数量分别为9.10×10^(6)cfu·g^(−1)和20.83×10^(5)cfu·g^(−1),真菌数量仅为0.70×10^(3)cfu·g^(−1),细菌和放线菌的数量得到显著的增加。研究结果为复合生防菌(NJ-1+T05-49)在香蕉枯萎病生物防治上的开发应用提供依据。Banana fusarium wilt was an important soil-borne disease in the production of banana.Biological control was one of the effective ways to prevent the occurrence of this disease.A group of composite microbial agent(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens NJ-1 and Trchoderma T05-49)was obtained by using the methods of plate growth coculture of different microbial agents and the antimicrobial activation measurement of fermentation broth.The effects of compound microbial agent(NJ-1+T05-49)on the prevention efficacy of banana fusarium wilt,the growthpromoting effect of banana and the number of microbial population in rhizosphere soil were measured by using the method of irrigating the root with fermentation broth.The results showed that the prevention efficacy of the fermentation broth of composite microbial agent,Bacillus amyloliquefaciens NJ-1 and Trchoderma T05-49 on banana fusarium wilt were 78.92%,66.46%and 52.46%,respectively.Compared with the fermentation broth of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens NJ-1 and Trchoderma T05-49,the prevention efficacy of composite microbial agent on the disease was increased by 18.75%and 50.43%,respectively.The plant height and main root length were increased by 9.22%,26.87%and 8.58%,21.95%,respectively.After being treated with the compound microbial agent for 21 days,the number of bacteria and actinomycetes in the rhizosphere soil were 9.10×10^(6)cfu·g^(−1)and 20.83×10^(5)cfu·g^(−1),respectively,and the number of fungi was 0.70×10^(3)cfu·g^(−1).The number of bacteria and actinomycetes was significantly increased.The results provided the basis for the development and application of composite microbial agent(NJ-1+T05-49)in the biological control of banana fusarium wilt.

关 键 词：香蕉枯萎病 复合生防菌 防治效果 促生作用 

分 类 号：S436.68[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]