一株多粘类芽孢杆菌的鉴定及对水稻稻瘟病菌的抑菌作用  

Paenibacillus polymyxa Identification and Its Antibacterial Effect on Pyricularia oryzae

作　　者：窦龙涛 曲晓军[1] 胡基华[1] 姜威[1] 田缘 闫更轩 张淑梅[1] DOU Longtao;QU Xiaojun;HU Jihua;JIANG Wei;TIAN Yuan;YAN Gengxuan;ZHANG Shumei(Institute of Microbiology,Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences,Harbin 150010)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省科学院微生物研究所,哈尔滨150010

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2024年第23期118-125,共8页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：黑龙江省科学院院基金项目“多粘芽孢杆菌KH-19生防特性及抑菌效果研究”(KY2022SW03)。

摘　　要：本研究旨在开发高效的微生物生防制剂,用于防治水稻稻瘟病。本研究从水稻根际土壤筛选到一株具有较好拮抗作用的菌株KH-19,通过形态学观察、生理生化试验和16S rDNA测序对该菌株进行鉴定,用牛津杯法和平板对峙法测定其抑菌活性,针对水稻稻瘟病进行了盆栽防效试验。结果显示:KH-19菌株为多粘类芽孢杆菌Paenibacillus polymyxa,该菌对3株供试菌株大肠杆菌ATCC 25922、铜绿假单胞菌ATCC 27853和白菜软腐病菌BC2均有抑菌作用,对其他6种病原细菌和8种病原真菌也有较好拮抗作用,对水稻稻瘟病菌抑菌率达63.67%。盆栽试验结果显示随着KH-19菌液浓度的提高水稻稻瘟病病情指数随之降低,当菌悬液浓度为106~107 cfu/mL时,对接种第20天的稻瘟病防病指数达78.11%。P.polymyxa KH-19作为具有广谱抑菌活性的生防菌株,在防治水稻稻瘟病方面具有潜在应用价值。In order to broaden the resources of microbial biocontrol agents and to develop biocontrol strains with high efficacy in the control of Pyricularia oryzae,the present study was conducted to screen a strain KH 19 with a good antagonistic effect from the inter-root soil of rice.The strain was identified by morphological observation,physiological and biochemical tests,and 16S rDNA sequencing.The inhibitory activity was determined by the oxford cup method and the plate stand-off method.The effectiveness of the strain was tested against P.oryzae in pots.The results showed that the KH-19 strain was Paenibacillus polymyxa,which had bacteriostatic effects on three strains of Escherichia coli ATCC 25922,Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853,and Pectobacterium carotovorum BC2,and also had good antagonistic effects on other six pathogenic bacteria and eight pathogenic fungi,and its inhibition rate reached 63.67%against P.oryzae.The results of the pot test showed that the disease index of P.oryzae decreased with the increase of the concentration of P.polymyxa KH 19,and the disease index of P.polymyxa on the 20th day of inoculation reached 78.11%when the concentration of the bacterial suspension was 106-107 cfu/mL.The results showed that P.polymyxa KH-19 had potential application value as a biocontrol strain with broad-spectrum inhibitory activity against P.oryzae.

关 键 词：多粘类芽孢杆菌 菌株鉴定 盆栽实验 水稻稻瘟病菌 水稻病害防治 生防菌株 Paenibacillus polymyxa 抗菌活性 

分 类 号：S182[农业科学—农业基础科学]