3种瓢虫对西花蓟马和烟粉虱的控制能力研究  

Control Ability of Three Species Ladybird Beetles on Frankliniella occidentalis and Bemisia tabaci

作　　者：张欢[1,2] 何恒果 刘国[3] 余佳敏[4] 刘东阳 邓全[3] 李思翰 张培旭 雍艳萍 伍兴隆 肖科军 蒲德强 ZHANG Huan;HE Hengguo;LIU Guo;YU Jiamin;LIU Dongyang;DENG Quan;LI Sihan;ZHANG Peixu;YONG Yanping;WU Xinglong;XIAO Kejun;PU Deqiang(Institute of Plant Protection,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chengdu 610066;College of Life Sciences,China West Normal University,Nanchong,Sichuan 637009;Liangshan Municipal Tobacco Company,Xichang,Sichuan 615000;Sichuan Tobacco Company,Chengdu 610041)

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所,成都610066 [2]西华师范大学生命科学院,四川南充637009 [3]四川省烟草公司凉山州公司,四川西昌615000 [4]四川省烟草公司,成都610041

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2024年第23期143-147,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：四川省烟草公司重点科技项目“天敌昆虫防治媒介害虫技术研究与应用”(SCYC202212);四川省现代农业产业技术体系茶叶创新团队项目“茶园病虫害绿色防控技术”(sccxtd-2024-10)。

摘　　要：本研究旨在探讨多异瓢虫、七星瓢虫和十斑大瓢虫这3种天敌昆虫对西花蓟马和烟粉虱的生物防治潜能。在室内条件下,用田间采集的西花蓟马和烟粉虱若虫对3种瓢虫进行不同益害比的饲喂试验,试验过程中记录各处理西花蓟马虫口密度、烟粉虱若虫有咬痕个数及羽化的成虫比例。结果表明,西花蓟马饲喂处理3 d后,3种瓢虫成虫和幼虫对西花蓟马的控制能力由强到弱为:多异瓢虫成虫>七星瓢虫3龄幼虫>七星瓢虫成虫>十斑大瓢虫3龄幼虫>多异瓢虫3龄幼虫>十斑大瓢虫成虫,其中多异瓢虫成虫对西花蓟马的防治效果最高,达到48.35%。烟粉虱若虫饲喂处理3 d后,十斑大瓢虫幼虫处理组中烟粉虱低龄若虫有咬痕的个数占比为2.61%,显著高于对照组,其余处理间没有显著性差异;各处理组烟粉虱成虫羽化率之间没有显著性差异。研究表明,多异瓢虫成虫对西花蓟马的防治效果较高,十斑大瓢虫幼虫对烟粉虱低龄若虫具有一定取食趋性,但3种瓢虫对烟粉虱高龄若虫均没有取食趋性。The aim is to clarify the biological control potential of three dominant natural enemies,Hippodamia variegata,Coccinella septempunctata L.and Megalocaria dilatata,against Frankliniella occidentalis and Bemisia tabaci.Under indoor conditions,three species of ladybugs were fed with different benefit-to-harm ratios using field collected F.occidentalis and B.tabaci nymphs,the density of F.occidentalis and the number of B.tabaci nymphs with feeding marks was recorded,as well as the proportion of their adults that had emerged,for each treatment during the experiment.The results showed that after 3 days of feeding and treatment of F.occidentalis,the control ability of the three adult ladybugs and larvae on F.occidentalis was:adults of H.variegata>third instar larvae of C.septempunctata L.>adults of C.septempunctata L.>third instar larvae of M.dilatate>third instar larvae of larvae of H.variegata>adults of M.dilatata,among which the adult H.variegata had the highest control effect on F.occidentalis,reaching 48.35%.After 3 days of feeding and treatment of B.tabaci nymphs,the number of bite marks of young nymphs in the third-instar larvae treatment group of M.dilatata was 2.61%,which was significantly higher than that in the control group,and there was no significant difference between the other treatments.There was no significant difference in the adult plumbing rate of B.tabaci between the treatment groups.This study showed that the adults of H.variegata had a high control effect on F.occidentalis,and the third instar larvae of M.dilatate had a certain feeding tendency against the young nymphs of B.tabaci nymphs,and the three kinds of ladybirds did not have feeding tendency to the old nymphs of B.tabaci nymphs.

关 键 词：西花蓟马 烟粉虱 多异瓢虫 七星瓢虫 十斑大瓢虫 生物防治 益害比 取食趋性 

分 类 号：S476.2[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]