仙鹤草醇提取物对高致病性弧菌感染凡纳滨对虾的防治效果探究  

The Prevention and Control Effect of Ethanol Extract from Agrimonia pilosa on Highly Pathogenic Vibrio Infection in Litopenaeus vannamei

作　　者：廖设国 赖福香 刘玓玓 郑弘朝 郑然 林慷祺 范兰芬 LIAO Sheguo;LAI Fuxiang;LIU Didi;ZHENG Hongchao;ZHENG Ran;LIN Kangqi;FAN Lanfen(College of Marine Sciences/University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province,Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学海洋学院/海洋生物资源保护与利用粤港澳高校联合实验室,广州510642

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2024年第23期153-164,共12页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2021A1515010453);国家自然科学基金项目(31600322)。

摘　　要：本研究旨在评估仙鹤草醇提取物对高致病性弧菌感染的凡纳滨对虾的防治效果。通过在饲料中添加90%含量的仙鹤草醇提取物,分析投喂3、6、9 d后,感染高致病性弧菌的凡纳滨对虾的肠道微生物、免疫相关基因和肠道组织。结果表明,在病虾肠道内,菌群种类与数量增加,其中希瓦氏菌属、弧菌属和海绵假单胞菌属等致病菌的数量均显著高于健康对虾,且菌群的组成与健康对虾的菌群组成差异较大,对投喂仙鹤草醇提取物添加剂饲料再攻菌的凡纳滨对虾,以上致病菌群的相对丰度显著降低,而有益菌群的溶杆菌属有了大幅的提升。另外,仙鹤草醇提取物还可以保护对虾的肠道组织,提高对虾免疫相关基因TLR、ALF、Crustin与HSP70的表达。饲料中添加仙鹤草醇提取物,能够显著提高对虾感染高致病性弧菌后的免疫力,增强对虾抗菌能力。In order to investigate the preventive and therapeutic effects of the alcohol extract of Herba Agrimoniae on highly pathogenic Vibrio,this study analyzed the gut microbial,immune related genes and intestinal tissue of Litopenaeus vannamei infected with highly pathogenic Vibrio after feeding with 90%alcohol extract of Herba Agrimoniae for 3,6,and 9 days.The results showed that the variety and number of bacteria in the intestines of sick shrimp increased.Among them,the number of pathogenic bacteria such as Shewanella,Vibrio and Spongiimonas were significantly higher than that of healthy shrimp,and the composition of the flora was significantly different from that of healthy shrimp.The relative abundance of the above pathogenic bacteria groups decreased significantly,while Lysobacter,a beneficial bacteria group,increased significantly.In addition,the alcohol extract of Herba Agrimoniae can increase the expression of immune related genes TLR,ALF,Crustin,and HSP70 in shrimp,protecting the intestinal tissue of shrimp.It was concluded that the addition of alcohol extract from Agrimonia pilosa to the feed could significantly improve the immunity of shrimp after infection with highly pathogenic Vibrio and enhance the antibacterial ability of shrimp.

关 键 词：凡纳滨对虾 肠道微生物 免疫基因 仙鹤草醇提取物 高致病性弧菌 免疫力 抗菌能力 

分 类 号：S968.22[农业科学—水产养殖]