寡糖联合淡紫紫孢菌对化学杀线剂防治烤烟根结线虫病效果的影响  

Effect of Oligosaccharides Combined with Purpureocillium lilacinum on Efficacy of Chemical Nematicides on Flue-cured Tobacco Root-knot Nematode Disease

作　　者：赵小明[1] 张雪慧 代快 李江舟 曹海龙 徐爽 张翠萍 薛勐 崔永和 尹恒[1] ZHAO Xiaoming;ZHANG Xuehui;DAI Kuai;LI Jiangzhou;CAO Hailong;XU Shuang;ZHANG Cuiping;XUE Meng;CUI Yonghe;YIN Heng(Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Dalian,Liaoning 116023;Zhongke Heyi(Dalian)Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd.,Dalian,Liaoning 116039;College of Plant Protection,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110866;Yunnan Tobacco Company Yuxi Branch,Yuxi,Yunnan 653100)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大连化学物理研究所,辽宁大连116023 [2]中科禾一(大连)农业科技有限公司,辽宁大连116039 [3]沈阳农业大学植物保护学院,沈阳110866 [4]云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司,云南玉溪653100

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2024年第24期133-142,共10页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：中国烟草总公司云南省烟草公司科技计划重点项目“连作土壤生物肥力和烟草抗病性提升关键技术研究应用”(2021530000241032);陕西省重点研发计划重点产业创新链(群)项目“设施蔬菜安全优质生产生态调控技术集成及示范”(2020ZDLNY07-06)。

摘　　要：为更好地控制烟草根结线虫的危害,降低化学杀线剂的用量,将寡糖免疫诱导剂与噻唑膦、阿维菌素及淡紫紫孢菌协同使用进行田间小区试验,研究其对烟草根结线虫的防治效果。结果表明,壳寡糖15 L/hm^(2)、几丁寡糖15 L/hm^(2)分别与噻唑膦22.5 kg/hm^(2)协同使用,对烟草根结线虫的防治效果高于噻唑膦单独使用效果。相对防效由噻唑膦单独使用的45.20%分别提高到64.42%和65.38%。进一步试验发现,几丁寡糖1 kg/hm^(2)、淡紫紫孢菌15 kg/hm^(2)及噻唑膦16.875 kg/hm^(2)(减少25%)协同使用,对烟草根结线虫病相对防效及对烟草生长总体效应优于与噻唑膦正常用量(22.5 kg/hm^(2))组和噻唑膦减少50%(11.25 kg/hm^(2))组合效果。寡糖诱导剂单独或与淡紫紫孢菌协同使用,显著提高了噻唑膦对烟草根结线虫病的防治效果,减少了农药使用量,为烟草根结线虫病害的防控提供了一种新的技术手段。In order to better control the harm of tobacco root-knot nematode and reduce the dosage of chemical nematocides,oligosaccharide immunoinducer was used together with fosthiazate,avermectin and Purpureocillium lilacinum in field plot experiment to study the control effect on tobacco root-knot nematode(RKN).The results in 2021 showed that the synergistic application of 15 L/hm^(2)chitosan oligosaccharides combined with 22.5 kg/hm^(2)fosthiazate,or 15 L/hm^(2)chitin oligosaccharides combined with 22.5 kg/hm^(2)fosthiazate had a significantly higher control effect to RKN than that of fosthiazate alone.The relative control effect of chitosan oligosaccharides combined with fosthiazate,chitin oligosaccharides combined with fosthiazate treatment was 64.42%and 65.38%,respectively,and that of fosthiazate treatment was 45.20%.These two treatments significantly promoted the growth of flue-cured tobacco.The results in 2022 showed that when 1kg/hm^(2)chitin oligosaccharides,15 kg/hm^(2)P.lilacinum and 16.875 kg/hm^(2)fosthiazate(25%reduction)were used together,the relative control effect to RKN and overall effect on tobacco growth was better than that of normal amount(22.5 kg/hm^(2))and 50%reduction of fosthiazate(11.25 kg/hm^(2)).Therefore,the synergistic application of oligosaccharide with fosthiazate,and oligosaccharide with P.lilacinum and fosthiazate can improve the control effect of tobacco root-knot nematode disease and reduce the amount of chemical nematicides,and which can be used as one of the effective control technologies for plant nematode disease control.

关 键 词：烟草根结线虫病 寡糖植物免疫诱导剂 淡紫紫孢菌 噻唑膦 防治效果 协同防治 农药减量 

分 类 号：S435.72[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]