典型炼油工业区及周边环境介质中苯系物健康风险评估  

Health risk assessment of BTEXs in one typical petroleum refinery and surrounding area of China

作　　者：师瑞 王理明[1] 邵瑞华 蔡亚岐[3,4,5,6] 徐琳 SHI Rui;WANG Liming;SHAO Ruihua;CAI Yaqi;XU Lin(School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering,Xi'an Polytechnic University,Xi'an,710048,China;Yanan Ecological Environment Bureau of Shaanxi Province,Yanan,715700,China.;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100085,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100049,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistence Toxic Substances,Institute of Environment and Health,Jianghan University,Wuhan,430056,China;School of Environment,Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study,UCAS,Hangzhou,330106,China)

机构地区：[1]西安工程大学,西安710048 [2]延安市生态环境局,延安715700 [3]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,环境化学与生态毒理学国家重点实验室,北京100085 [4]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [5]江汉大学环境与健康研究院,武汉430056 [6]中国科学院大学杭州高等研究院,杭州330106

出　　处：《环境化学》2024年第8期2571-2580,共10页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1804501);国家自然科学基金(22036007,22122611)资助.

摘　　要：本研究考察了2021—2022年间典型炼油工业及周边区域大气和土壤样品中8种苯系物(BTEXs)(苯、甲苯、乙苯、对+间二甲苯、邻二甲苯、苯乙烯和异丙苯)的污染水平,进一步明确了炼油工业BTEXs污染特性、人体主要暴露途径,并进一步评估其健康风险.结果表明,炼油区大气和土壤样品中8种BTEX的平均浓度分别为49.2μg·m^(−3)和578.3 g·g^(−1),其中冶炼区和产品储存区BTEXs浓度水平明显高于原油储存区、办公区和周边居民区.呼吸吸入BTEXs暴露量比口服摄入高约一个数量级,表明BTEXs主要暴露途径为呼吸暴露.非致癌风险结果表明,炼油工业区BTEXs的非致癌风险值均小于安全水平(HI<1),说明不存在非致癌风险.另外,致癌风险评估结果表明,乙苯无明显致癌风险,可以忽略不计.苯的致癌风险均超过10^(−4),表明具有较高的致癌风险,需要引起一定的关注.In this study,atmospheric and soil samples were collected and detected during Year 2021—2022.Environmental distribution of benzene,toluene,ethylbenzene,m,p-xylene,styrene,o-xylene,and cumene(BTEXs)in petroleum refinery area of China were systematically investigated by measuring their concentrations in environmental matrices.This study identified the main ways of exposure to BTEXs and assessed the human health risks.The average concentrations of eight BTEXs were 49.2μg·m^(−3) in air and 578.3μg·g^(−1)in soil samples.At the smelting and the product storage subarea,the BTEXs concentrations were significantly higher than the office subarea crude oil storagearea and surrounding areas.The BTEXs via air inhalation exposure was one order of magnitude higher than that the soil ingestion exposure,indicating that the primary exposure pathway for BTEXs was inhalation exposure.HI of both inhalation and soil ingestion was lower than the safe level(HI<1),indicating the no non-carcinogenic risk in this studied area.In addition,Ethylbenzene had no significant carcinogenic risk,which could be ignored.The carcinogenic risk of benzene via inhalation exceeded the acceptable level(10−4)in petroleum refinery area,which needed to be paid attention.

关 键 词：苯系物 (BTEXs) 炼油工业 环境介质 健康风险. 

分 类 号：X-1[环境科学与工程] O6[理学—化学]