水中与冰中多环芳烃衍生物对发光细菌(Vibrio fischeri)的光修饰毒性  

Photo-modified toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon derivatives to Vibrio fischeri in water and ice

作　　者：郑智轩 崔芳溪 王子宇 葛林科 张蓬 朱超 马宏瑞 ZHENG Zhixuan;CUI Fangxi;WANG Ziyu;GE Linke;ZHANG Peng;ZHU Chao;MA Hongrui(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science&Technology,Xi’an,710021,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学环境科学与工程学院,西安710021

出　　处：《环境化学》2024年第8期2854-2863,共10页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21976045,22076112,22076113);大学生创新创业训练项目(S202210708091)资助.

摘　　要：多环芳烃衍生物(SPAHs)是一类普遍存在、来源广泛、风险隐蔽的新污染物,可由多环芳烃(PAHs)通过微生物及化学作用转化生成,其毒性甚至比母体PAHs更强,研究其环境行为和毒性效应具有重要意义.本研究选取羟基多环芳烃(OH-PAHs)、硝基多环芳烃(N-PAHs)和氯代多环芳烃(Cl-PAHs)共10种模型化合物,考察了在模拟日光(λ>290 nm)照射下,水中与冰中这些典型SPAHs对发光细菌Vibrio fischeri的光修饰毒性.毒性实验表明,对于OH-PAHs,1-羟基萘、4-氯-1-羟基萘在水中与冰中均表现出显著的光修饰毒性(P<0.05),而4-硝基-1-羟基萘仅在水相表现出较小的光修饰毒性;对于N-PAHs,1-硝基芘在水中与冰中均表现出光修饰毒性,2-硝基芴仅在冰中表现出光修饰毒性;Cl-PAHs中,仅1-氯芘在水中表现出光修饰毒性,而3种Cl-PAHs在冰中均表现出显著的光修饰毒性.通过HPLC-MS/MS分析,OH-PAHs光转化主要涉及的反应路径为取代基脱除、光氧化与苯环羟基化.以上结果阐明了SPAHs通过光化学转化可生成具有较高毒性的中间产物,对Vibrio fischeri表现为光修饰毒性,且水中与冰中的光修饰毒性具有差异,这有助于更准确评价寒冷地区这些典型新污染物的环境风险.Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon derivatives(SPAHs)are a class of ubiquitous and new pollutants with various sources and unclear risks.SPAHs can be transformed from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)through microbial and chemical reactions,and they are even more toxic than their parent PAHs.It is of great significance to investigate the environmental behavior and toxic effects of SPAHs.In this study,10 model compounds,including hydroxy-PAHs(OH-PAHs),nitro-PAHs(N-PAHs)and chlorinated PAHs(Cl-PAHs),were selected.The photo-modified toxicity of these typical SPAHs to Vibrio fischeri under simulated sunlight(λ>290 nm)was investigated in water and ice systems. Toxicity tests indicated that the two OH-PAHs 1-hydroxynaphthalene and 4-chloro-1-hydroxynaphthalene showed significant photo-modified toxicity (P<0.05) in water and ice, while 4-nitro-1-hydroxynaphthalene only exhibited minor photo-modified toxicity in the water phase. For N-PAHs, 1-nitropyrene showed photo-modified toxicity in both water and ice phases, while the photo-modified toxicity of 2-nitrofluorene to Vibrio fischeri was observed only in ice. Among Cl-PAHs, only 1-chloropyrene presented photo-modified toxicity in water, while all showed significant photo-modified toxicity in ice. Based on HPLC-MS/MS, the main reaction pathways involved in the phototransformation of OH-PAHs were substituents removal, oxidization and hydroxylation. These results indicate that SPAHs underwent a photochemical transformation and produced intermediates with high toxicity, showing photo-modified toxicity to Vibrio fischeri, which could facilitate more accurate assessment of the environmental risks of these typical new pollutants in cold regions.

关 键 词：多环芳烃衍生物 光修饰毒性 发光细菌 结冰环境. 

分 类 号：X-1[环境科学与工程] O6[理学—化学]