地铁沿线高层住宅建筑室内振动与结构噪声的相关性分析  

Analysis of correlation between floor vibration and structure-borne noise in high-rise residential building near subway

作　　者：曾钦娥 宋瑞祥 吴丹 邬玉斌 何蕾 ZENG Qin’e;SONG Ruixiang;WU Dan;WU Yubin;HE Lei(Institute of Urban Safety and Environmental Science,Beijing Academy of Science and Technology,Beijing 100054,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市科学技术研究院城市安全与环境科学研究所,北京100054

出　　处：《铁道科学与工程学报》2024年第8期3445-3454,共10页Journal of Railway Science and Engineering

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金资助项目(8232024);北京市博士后基金资助项目(ZK-QTX-230688);北京市科学技术研究院青年学者资助项目(YS202102)。

摘　　要：结构噪声是引起地铁临近住宅建筑居民烦恼的最直接原因,结构噪声与室内楼板振动之间相关性是进行地铁临近住宅建筑室内结构噪声预测及控制的关键问题。以某地铁邻近某高层住宅为研究对象,通过多点同步测试获得4个不同大小房间的楼板垂向加速度及室内结构噪声,分析楼板垂向加速度、声压的频率特性及两者之间的相干性,对比分析不同房间振动噪声的卓越频段及其相干频段的差异性,结合数值仿真方法,揭示不同房间加速度-声压相干性的差异原因,同时,利用不同列车通过时振动离散性特点对室内结构噪声典型1/3频带处的加速度级与声压级进行线性拟合优化,分析两者的相关性及其与房间特性之间的关联性。研究结果表明,楼板振动加速度卓越频段、噪声卓越频段均随房间大小改变而显著变化,4个房间的声压峰值频率分别为49、40和50、49、65 Hz,且振动卓越频段与噪声卓越频段之间非完全重叠;房间振动与噪声的相干频段与振动的卓越频段部分重叠,与噪声的卓越频段基本不重叠,受声腔简正模式的影响,在噪声峰值频率处的相干性较低,相干系数均小于0.5;受房间简正模式的影响,不同尺寸房间4个典型1/3频带处(40、50、63和100 Hz)楼板垂向加速度级与声压级的修正量变化范围为12.0~34.9 dB,对结构噪声的预测建议按房间尺寸及频带进行分类处理。研究成果可为地铁临近住宅建筑室内结构噪声的预测提供参考。Structure-borne noise is the most direct reason for residents’annoyance in the buildings near subways.Studying the correlation between structure-borne noise and indoor floor vibration is a key issue for indoor structure-borne noise prediction and control in residential buildings.The high-rise residential building adjacent to a subway line was taken as the research object.The floor vertical acceleration and indoor structure-borne noise of four rooms of different sizes were obtained through a multi-point synchronous test.The frequency characteristics of floor vertical acceleration indoor sound pressure and the coherence between them were analyzed.The differences between the vibration dominant frequency range,noise dominant frequency range,and coherent frequency range between them in four rooms were compared and analyzed.The reason for the differences of the coherence between acceleration and sound pressure in different rooms was disclosed by the numerical simulation method.At the same time,based on the discrete characteristics of floor vibration level induced by different trains’pass-by,linear fitting optimization between vertical acceleration level(VAL)and sound pressure level(SPL)at structure-borne noise typical 1/3 octave bands was conducted to analyze the relationship between the two and its correlation with room characteristics.The results are drawn as follows.The vertical floor acceleration dominant frequency range and the sound pressure dominant frequency range significantly changed with room size.The peak frequencies of sound pressure in four rooms were 49 Hz,40 Hz,50 Hz,49 Hz,and 65 Hz,respectively,and the vibration dominant frequency range and the noise dominant frequency range were non-fully overlapped.The coherent frequency range and vibration dominant frequency range were partially overlapped,while it was non-overlapped with noise dominant frequency.Affected by the natural mode of room acoustic cavity,the coherence at noise peak frequencies were low that the coherence coefficients were all less tha

关 键 词：地铁 住宅建筑 振动 结构噪声 相关性 

分 类 号：TB533.2[理学—物理]