昆虫几丁质代谢通路及其调控机制研究进展  

Advances in chitin metabolic pathway and its regulatory mechanisms in insects

作　　者：王慧敏 仝志斌 张爱兵[1] 杨美玲 WANG Huimin;TONG Zhibin;ZHANG Aibing;YANG Meiling(College of Life Sciences,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048)

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学生命科学学院,北京100048

出　　处：《首都师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第4期11-19,28,共10页Journal of Capital Normal University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32302349,32070505,32372536);国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1400503)。

摘　　要：几丁质是昆虫外骨骼、气管系统、唾液腺、围食膜以及翅原基等的重要结构性组分。几丁质代谢酶在几丁质的合成和降解过程中起重要作用,在发育过程中的精确表达,确保了昆虫几丁质合成及蜕皮等生理过程的正确发生。几丁质代谢途径不存在于植物和脊椎动物体内,因此几丁质代谢途径中的关键酶被认为是开发绿色农药的潜在作用靶标。本文综述了昆虫几丁质的代谢途径、代谢酶和代谢途径的调控,及其在害虫防治应用中存在的不足与研究前景,以期为昆虫几丁质代谢酶在害虫防治中更深入的研究和应用提供理论依据。Chitin is an important structural component of insect exoskeleton,tracheal system,salivary gland,peritrophic membrane,wing hinges and so on.The chitin metabolism enzymes play a major role in the synthesis and degrade of chitin,and their precise expression during development ensures the correct occurrence of physiological processes such as chitin synthesis and molting in insects.Chitin metabolic pathway is not present in plant and vertebrate animals,so key enzymes in the chitin metabolic pathway are considered to be potential targets for designing new pesticides.This paper summarized the chitin metabolic pathways,the metabolism enzymes,and the regulation mechanism,as well as the shortcomings and research prospects in pest control,in order to provide a theoretical basis for the development and application of insect chitin metabolism enzymes in the field of pest management.

关 键 词：几丁质 几丁质代谢酶 蜕皮 调控 害虫防治 

分 类 号：Q966[生物学—昆虫学]