补说西周金文句首“■”字用法——兼与朱其智、朱学斌二位先生商榷  

A Supplementary Study on the Usage of the Word“qie(■)at”the Beginning of Sentences in Bronze Inscriptions of the Western Zhou Dynasty

作　　者：孙永波 SUN Yong-bo(School of Literature,Shandong University,Jinan 250100,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学文学院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《宝鸡文理学院学报（社会科学版）》2024年第4期23-30,共8页Journal of Baoji University of Arts and Sciences：Social Science Edition

摘　　要：西周金文句首的“■”字,朱其智、朱学斌二位先生有文章辨析前人的观点并提出了新说,认为“■”当读为提起连词“且”。但二位先生对前人杨树达“叹词说”的反驳证据性并不强,难成定论。根据与西周金文时代相近的现存今文《尚书》辞例来看,读“■”为“且”也不可信;又据《尚书》以“嗟”或“咨”等开头的常见句式,能够反证杨树达“叹词说”是正确的。此外,“句首”之“句”的定义当为具有完整句意的句子,而非分句。朱文所引用之10例金文铭文,并非都是严格的句首“■”字之句式。There are articles by Zhu Qizhi and Zhu Xuebin on the word“qie”at the beginning of sentences in bronze inscriptions of the Western Zhou Dynasty,which differentiate and analyze the views of previous scholars and put forward new ideas.They think that“qie(■)”should be pronounced as the conjunction“qie(且)”.In the articles,the two gentlemen'refutation of Yang Shuda's“exclamation theory”lacks strong evidence and is difficult to reach a conclusion.According to the examples in the Book of Documents(Jinwen Shangshu),which is close in time to bronze inscriptions of the Western Zhou Dynasty,it is also unreliable to read“qie(■)”as“qie(且)”;Furthermore,as the sentence structures starting with“jie(嗟)”or“zi(咨)”in the Book of Documents are common,it can be inferred that Yang Shuda's“exclamation theory”is correct.In addition,the“sentence”in the“beginning of a sentence”should refer to a sentence with a complete meaning,rather than a clause.The 10 examples of bronze inscriptions cited in the two Mr.Zhu's articles are not all strictly sentence structures starting with the word“qie(■)”.

关 键 词：西周金文 ■ 且 嗟 

分 类 号：K871.3[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] H13[历史地理—历史学]