衡山方言的后缀“首”和“气”——“相因生义”与“通感引申”的殊途同归  

The Suffixes“Shou”and“Qi”in Hengshan Dialect——On reaching the same goal by different routes of“producing meaning by another meaning of a synonym”and“synesthesia extension”

作　　者：刘娟 Liu Juan(College of Chinese Language and Literature,Hengyang Normal University,Hengyang Hunan 421002,China)

机构地区：[1]衡阳师范学院文学院,湖南衡阳421002

出　　处：《衡阳师范学院学报》2024年第4期118-123,共6页Journal of Hengyang Normal University

基　　金：湖南省社会科学基金一般项目“语言比较视角下的衡山方言语法研究”(19YBA053)。

摘　　要：湘语衡山方言中的“首”和“气”可以附着于动词后构成表示抽象意义的名词,首/气相当于普通话中接于动词词根后表示有这样做的价值的“头”。“气”还可以附加在形容词性、名词性语素后构成一个新的合成词,其义是指气味、味道,或者人的作风、习气、品质、外形等,又或者表示一种抽象的心理感觉。“首”和“气”都发展为表示价值的同义后缀,但二者语义发展演变的动因和轨迹并不相同,可谓殊途同归:后缀“首”的形成是普通话后缀“头”相因生义的结果,后缀“气”的多种语义则是通感引申的结果。The“shou(首)”and“qi(气)”in the Hengshan dialect of Hunan can be attached to verbs to form nouns that represent abstract meanings,“Shou/Qi”is equivalent to the“tou(头)”in Mandarin that is connected to the verb root to indicate the value of doing so.“Qi”can also be added after adjectives and noun morphemes to form a new compound word,meaning smell,taste,style,habits,quality,appearance,or expressing an abstract feeling.“Shou”and“Qi”have developed into synonymous suffixes to denote value,but the moti⁃vation and track of their semantic evolution are not the same.The formation of the suffix“shou”is the result of the complementary meaning of the Mandarin suffix“tou”,while the multiple semantics of the suffix“qi”are the result of synesthesia extension.

关 键 词：衡山方言 后缀 首 气 

分 类 号：H174[语言文字—汉语]