ICU机械通气患者口渴管理的最佳证据总结  

Best Evidence Summary for Thirst Management in Patients with Mechanical Ventilation in ICU

作　　者：张琦琦 俞荷花 杜婕 彭飞 ZHANG Qiqi;YU Hehua;DU Jie;PENG Fei(Soochow University,Suzhou Jiangsu 215006;Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University,Shanghai 200003)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学护理学院,江苏苏州215006 [2]海军军医大学第二附属医院,上海200003

出　　处：《上海护理》2024年第9期9-13,共5页Shanghai Nursing

基　　金：上海申康医院发展中心技术规范化管理和推广项目(SHDC22022205)。

摘　　要：目的评价并整合ICU机械通气患者口渴管理的证据,为临床护理人员处理口渴症状提供依据。方法以“6S”证据资源金字塔模型为基础,以“机械通气/气管插管/经口气管插管/经鼻气管插管/气管切开”“口渴/口渴感知/口渴信念/口渴护理/口干”及“mechanical ventilation/tracheal intubation/tracheoto⁃my/transoral endotracheal intubation”“thirst/thirst perception/thirst distress/thirst intensity/thirst brief/thirst sensation/dry mouth/water deprivation/xerostomias/hyposalivation/hyposalivations/thirst nursing”为中英文检索词,检索与机械通气口渴相关的指南、临床决策、证据总结、专家共识及随机对照试验,检索时限为2010年1月1日至2023年4月1日。由2名研究者独立对纳入的文献进行质量评价,并对提取的证据级别进行评定。结果共纳入11篇文献,包括1篇指南、1篇临床决策、5篇证据总结、1篇专家共识和3篇随机对照研究,分别从机械通气患者口渴症状评估、口渴干预安全评估、口渴症状管理策略、健康教育、口渴护理的效果评价5个方面归纳出22条证据。结论临床护理人员应重视ICU机械通气患者的口渴管理,及时准确评估患者的口渴症状,最大程度提升患者舒适度。Objective To evaluate and integrate the evidence for thirst management in mechanically ventilated patients in ICU,aiming to provide a basis for clinical nurses to deal with thirst symptoms.Methods Based on the"6S"evidence pyramid,the articles(guideline,clinical decision,evidence summary,expert consensus,randomized controlled trial,etc.)related to thirst during mechanical ventilation were retrieved in databases from January 01,2010 to April 01,2023,using Chinese terms as well as English terms"mechanical ventilation/tracheal intubation/tracheotomy/transoral endotracheal intubation"and"thirst/thirst perception/thirst distress/thirst intensity/thirst brief/thirst sensation/dry mouth/water deprivation/xerostomias/hyposalivation/hyposalivations/thirst nursing".Two investigators independently evaluated the quality of the included articles and rated the level of extracted evidence.Results A total of 11 articles were included,including 1 guideline,1 clinical decision,5 evidence summaries,1 expert consensus and 3 randomized controlled trials.A total of 22 pieces of evidence were summarized from 5 aspects:thirst symptom evaluation in mechanically ventilated patients;safety evaluation of thirst intervention;thirst symptom management strategy;health education;efficacy evaluation of thirst care.Conclusion Clinical nurses should pay attention to the thirst management of mechanically ventilated patients in the ICU and timely and accurately evaluate their thirst symptoms to maximize their comfort level.

关 键 词：重症监护室 机械通气 口渴 证据总结 

分 类 号：R473[医药卫生—护理学]