现代企业制度建设中的民营企业绿色化转型  

Green Transformation of Private Enterprises in the Construction of Modern Enterprise System

作　　者：刘长兴[1] 段琪 LIU Changxing;DUAN Qi

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学法学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《深圳社会科学》2024年第5期27-35,56,共10页Social Sciences in Shenzhen

基　　金：2023年国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“地方环境立法检视——以广东省环境法规为例”(23FFXB014)。

摘　　要：党的二十届三中全会强调要“完善中国特色现代企业制度”,“支持引导民营企业完善治理结构和管理制度”。当前,我国正在从整体上推进生态文明法治建设,发展和完善环境法律制度,绿色生产和消费制度体系也不断完善,政策措施逐渐增多、各层次的法律制度建设也在推进。企业的绿色化转型是建设绿色生产和消费体系的必由之路。民营企业是重要的经济主体类型,有其自身的特殊性。对于民营企业还需要更有针对性的制度设计,才能在主体相对分散、经营方式多样化、经营目标多元化的条件下实现民营企业的绿色化转型。生态环境保护作为一项公共事业,需要从法律上强化对企业行为的限制和约束,主要依赖法律的强制性措施才能确保生态环境保护目标的实现。对民营企业的强制约束是推动其绿色化转型的基本手段,包括排污许可管理、环境影响评价、环境标准等都要严格执行;同时不能忽视企业在生态环境保护中的积极性和能动性,要提升社会的生态环境保护意识,依靠社会自觉行动将生态环境保护工作推向深入。在此过程中,政府可以发挥引导、督促和鼓励的作用,采取激励措施引领民营企业的绿色化转型,包括绿色金融支持、推荐性环境标准推广等都可以发挥重要作用,行业规范、企业环境管理制度等对于加强企业自律也具有重要作用。因此,民营企业绿色化转型的现代制度建设应当从管控制度、激励制度和自律制度三个层次展开。The green transformation of enterprises is a crucial aspect in building the green production and consumption system,with private enterprises as an important entity type possessing their own unique characteristics.More targeted system design is needed for private enterprises,so as to realize the green transformation of private enterprises under the conditions of relatively dispersed subjects,diversified business modes,and multi-faceted business objectives.The imposition of mandatory constraints on private enterprises serves as the fundamental means to drive their green transformation,encompassing the rigorous implementation of licensed management of pollutant discharge,environmental impact assessment,and environmental standards.Meanwhile,we should not ignore the enthusiasm and initiative of enterprises in ecological and environmental protection,and rely on voluntary social actions to push the ecological environmental protection work further.In this process,the government can play a guiding,supervising,and encouraging role,adopting incentive measures to lead the green transformation of private enterprises.Therefore,the institutional construction of the green transformation of private enterprise should be carried out from three levels,including management and control system,incentive system and self-discipline system.

关 键 词：环境保护 民营企业 环境管制 激励制度 绿色化转型 

分 类 号：DF46[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]