低温处理对高山杜鹃“花妍”盆栽秋冬开花的影响  

Effects of Cold Treatments on Flowering of Rhododendron‘Huayan’Potted in Autumn and Winter

作　　者：解玮佳[1] 彭绿春[1] 宋杰[1] 李世峰[1] 张露[1] 王继华[1] 蒋雯玉 XIE Wei-jia;PENG Lv-chun;SONG Jie;LI Shi-feng;ZHANG Lu;WANG Ji-hua;JIANG Wen-yu(Flower Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Engineering Research Center for Ornamental Horticulture,Kunming 650205,China;Meteorological Bureau of Jinning District,Kunming City,Kunming 650600,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院花卉研究所/国家观赏园艺工程技术研究中心,云南昆明650205 [2]昆明市晋宁区气象局,云南昆明650600

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2024年第7期20-25,共6页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：云南省生物种业和农产品精深加工专项“云南重要园林木本花卉的种质关键技术研究”(202302AE090018)。

摘　　要：以高山杜鹃“花妍”盆栽为材料,试验分别于7月7日、8月11日、9月1日、9月15日分4个批次进行35 d的低温处理;同时于9月27日按批分别进行为期35、45、55 d的低温处理,研究了不同低温处理日期、时间对其盆栽秋冬自然条件下开花的影响,并对盆栽开花期间的棚内活动积温进行了统计分析。结果表明:于9月中下旬对“花妍”盆栽低温处理35~45 d时,可以促使其在出冷库51~56 d时开花,在秋冬季的自然条件下开花率为96.70%~100.00%,花期约为45 d,花序为13 cm×14 cm,单花大于5 cm×6 cm。气象数据分析结果表明:在花芽分化完全和满足需冷量的条件下,≥10℃活动积温超过600.0℃·d时“花妍”即可开花,这为我国自育高山杜鹃新品种的秋冬季低碳促花提供技术参考。In this experiment,the effect of different cold-treatment times on Rhododendron‘Huayan’flowering in the autumn and winter were studied,by conducted a 35-day cold-treatment on four times,such as July 7,August 11,September 1,and September 15,using Rhododendron‘Huayan’potted as materials.At the same time,the effect of different cold-treatment durations on Rhododendron‘Huayan’flowering in the autumn and winter were also studied,by conducted a 35-day,45-day and 55-day of cold-treatment from September 27.Meantime,the variation in active accumulative temperature was analyzed by statistics method.The results showed that it could achieve 96.70%~100.00%flowering rate under the natural conditions in autumn and winter,with about 45-day flowering period,13 cm×14 cm of inflorescence and larger than 5 cm×6 cm of single flower within 51~56 days out of the cold-treatment,by a cold treatment of 35~45 days for Rhododendron‘Huayan’potted in mid-late September.The results of meteorological data analysis showed that under the condition of the mature of flower bud and meeting the cold requirement,≥10℃active accumulative temperature and≥600.0℃·d,Rhododendron‘Huayan’could begin flowering.The experimental results could provide reference for the low-carbon promotion of flowering in autumn and winter for new varieties Rhododendron in China.

关 键 词：高山杜鹃“花妍” 低温处理时长 秋冬季开花 活动积温 

分 类 号：S682.1[农业科学—观赏园艺]