一幅诠释生态意识的诗学画卷——生态批评视野中的《桃花源记》  

A Poetic Picture of Ecological Consciousness--Peach Blossom Spring from the Perspective of Ecocriticism

作　　者：孙宏新 田宏宇 SUN Hongxin;TIAN Hongyu(School of Literature and communication,Huainan Normal University,Huainan,Anhui 232038,China)

机构地区：[1]淮南师范学院文学与传播学院,安徽淮南232001

出　　处：《安徽理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第4期36-42,共7页Journal of Anhui University of Science and Technology:Social Science

基　　金：教育部一般项目:古代诗学空间意识研究(18YJC751045);安徽省教育厅重点项目:“欲望说”视域下的生态批评研究(2023AH051529)。

摘　　要：陶渊明作为伟大的田园诗人,对自然的热爱呈现于字里行间。然而陶渊明于作品中所要表达的不仅是对自然美的欣赏与陶醉,其中也融注了自然的原始生态美、生态整体主义与和谐共生的思想。以生态美学为理论依托,以《桃花源记》文本重读为基础,以道家自然思想为渊源,结合文学、美学、哲学的视角,对陶渊明的早期生态意识进行全面考察。可以发现,陶渊明在《桃花源记》中所呈现的生态意识本质上是深刻的生命反思与批判,是陶渊明看待一切事物的出发点和落脚点。陶渊明在这篇散文中着力表现三个主题:从自然美的欣赏到生态美的反思,从桃花源的梦幻到生态整体主义的前瞻,从传统人性的素朴到渔人形象功能的隐忧。陶渊明作为时代的清醒者,在表达对桃花源的乌托邦向往的同时已经意识到了生态的危机,并在文章末尾表达了对未来的忧患意识。这部作品蕴藏了早期的生态意识,为传统文化中建立人与自然和谐共生的自然环境和社会环境提供了较早的理论探索与实践价值。Tao Yuanming is a great idyllic poet whose love of nature is reflected in his poems.However,what Tao Yuanming wants to express is not only the appreciation and intoxication of the natural beauty,but also the idea of the original ecological beauty,ecological holism and harmonious coexistence.Based on the theory of ecological aesthetics,the text re-reading of Peach Blossom Spring and the natural thought of Taoism,combined with literature,aesthetics and philosophy,this paper makes a comprehensive investigation of Tao Yuanming′s early ecological consciousness.It can be found that the ecological consciousness presented by Tao Yuanming in Peach Blossom Spring is in essence a profound reflection and criticism of life,which is the starting point and landing point of Tao Yuanming′s view of everything.In this essay,Tao Yuanming focuses on three themes:from the appreciation of natural beauty to the reflection of ecological beauty,from the dream of peach blossom to the prospect of ecological holism,from the simplicity of traditional human nature to the hidden worries of the fisherman′s image function.As a sober man of The Times,Tao Yuanming has realized the ecological crisis while expressing his utopian yearning for the peach blossom land,and expressed his sense of future distress at the end of the article.This work contains the early ecological consciousness,and provides an early theoretical exploration and practical value for the establishment of the natural and social environment of harmonious coexistence between man and nature in traditional culture.

关 键 词：《桃花源记》 生态思想 生态整体主义 和谐共生 

分 类 号：I262[文学—中国文学]