4种药剂对梨火疫病防病效果及产量品质的影响  

The effects of fungicides on yield and quality of pear were analyzed

作　　者：史应武[1,2] 牛新湘 杨红梅 楚敏[1,2] 包慧芳[1] 王宁 詹发强[1] 林青 杨蓉[1] 龙宣杞[1] 娄恺 SHI Yingwu;NIU Xinxiang;YANG Hongmei;CHU Min;BAO Huifang;WANG Ning;ZHAN Faqiang;LIN Qing;YANG Rong;LONG Xuanqi;LOU Kai(Research Institute of Applied Microbiology,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Xinjiang Special Environmental Microbiology Laboratory,Urumqi 830091,China;Northwest Oasis Agricultural Environment Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Urumqi 830091,China;Research Institute of Soil,Fertilizer and Agricultural Water Conservation,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院微生物应用研究所/新疆特殊环境微生物实验室,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]农业农村部西北绿洲农业环境重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830091 [3]新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2024年第6期1432-1440,共9页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1400200);新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目(2021B02004)。

摘　　要：【目的】筛选出对库尔勒香梨(简称香梨)梨火疫病高效的防病药剂,分析不同药剂对库尔勒香梨产量及品质的影响。【方法】选用1000×10^(8)CFU/g贝莱斯芽孢杆菌DP、1.8%辛菌胺醋酸盐水剂、3%噻霉酮微乳剂和6%春雷霉素水剂设置12个处理。【结果】高、中、低剂量Bacillus velezensis TK2019(以下简称Bacillus velezensis)可湿性菌粉、1.8%辛菌胺醋酸盐、3%噻霉酮微乳剂和6%春雷霉素水剂,分别对大田香梨梨火疫病的防效为71.64%、65.22%和51.30%,66.69%、56.18%和40.30%,66.50%、58.19%和41.89%,72.28%、60.49%和54.22%,其中Bacillus velezensis可湿性菌粉稀释浓度107 CFU/mL、6%春雷霉素水剂500倍液可显著降低梨火疫病的发生。【结论】Bacillus velezensis菌剂和6%春雷霉素水剂对梨火疫病防效显著高于对照和1.8%辛菌胺醋酸盐水剂、3%噻霉酮微乳剂,较好地抑制梨火疫病的发生,控制发病枝条的数量,提高了香梨单果质量、改善果实品质、提升香梨果实防御酶活性,且高浓度生防菌改善作用更佳,施用后对香梨树生长发育安全。【Objective】In order to screen out high-efficiency korla pear(pear for short)fire blight control agents.【Methods】100 billion CFU/g Bacillus velezensis DP,1.8%octylamine acetate aqueous solution,3%thiamphenicol microemulsion and 6%kasugamycin aqueous solution were selected for field efficacy test.【Results】The results showed that the control effects of high,medium and low doses of Bacillus velezensis TK2019(hereinafter referred to as Bacillus velezensis)wettable powder,1.8%octylamine acetate,3%benziothiazolinone microemulsion and 6%kasugamycin on pear fire blight were 71.64%,65.22%and 51.30%,66.69%,56.18%and 40.30%,66.50%,58.19%and 41.89%,72.28%,60.49%and 54.22%,respectively.Among them,Bacillus velezensis wettable powder dilution concentration of 10^(7)CFU/mL and 6%kasugamycin aqueous solution 500 times could significantly reduce the occurrence of pear fire blight.【Conclusion】The control effect of Bacillus velezensis and 6%kasugamycin on pear fire blight is significantly higher than that of the control and 1.8%caprylic acid acetate and 3%thiamethoxam microemulsion,which can better inhibit the occurrence of pear fire blight,control the number of diseased branches,improve the quality of fruit,and increase the defense enzyme activity of fragrant pear fruit.The high concentration biocontrol bacteria have better improvement effect and are safe for the growth and development of pear trees.It is suitable for popularization and application in production and promotes the sustainable,safe,high-yield and stable yield of the fragrant pear industry.

关 键 词：库尔勒香梨 贝莱斯芽孢杆菌 梨火疫病 辛菌胺醋酸盐 噻霉酮微乳剂 春雷霉素 解淀粉欧文氏菌 防治效果 

分 类 号：S436.612[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]