两种沙棘钻蛀性害虫发生与危害分析  

Occurrence and damage of two kinds of Hippophae rhamnoide pests

作　　者：李欣 阿地力·沙塔尔[1] 李子昂 金玉杰 白先古丽·托合托尔巴依 毛文斌 LI Xin;Adil Sattar;LI Ziang;JIN Yujie;Baixianguli Tuohetuoerbayi;MAO Wenbin(College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,Urumqi 830052,China;Urumqi County Greening Management Station,Urumqi 830000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学林学与风景园林学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆乌鲁木齐县绿化管理站,乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2024年第6期1454-1460,共7页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区林业有害生物防治和检疫局科技专项资金项目“沙棘主要害虫发生规律及防治技术研究”。

摘　　要：【目的】研究新疆阿合奇县、乌鲁木齐县大面积沙棘树势衰弱、干枯死亡的原因,为有效控制沙棘病虫危害提供理论依据。【方法】采用标准地调查法调查沙棘林虫情,鉴定发生病虫害的种类,并通过解剖被害沙棘,确定其特性,采用踏查方法分析其产卵位置。【结果】阿合奇县沙棘林由芳香木蠹蛾、沙柳木蠹蛾共同危害,乌鲁木齐县沙棘林由芳香木蠹蛾危害而树势衰弱,干枯死亡。其中芳香木蠹蛾在阿合奇县和乌鲁木齐发生严重,综合有虫株率达52.25%,其中阿合奇县芳香木蠹蛾有虫株率达62.40%,虫口密度达24.62头/株,单株最高达85头;乌鲁木齐县芳香木蠹蛾有虫株率达42.10%,虫口密度达100.62头/株,单株最高达288头。卵块在沙棘树干91~150 cm上分布数量最多,占卵块总数的54.10%;当年生幼虫在沙棘树干31~60 cm位置分布数量最多,占总虫数的31.05%;且当树干高度超过180 cm时,卵块及当年生幼虫分布数量急剧减少甚至不分布。非当年生幼虫在沙棘根部分布数量最高,达423头,占总虫数的45.58%,且其数量在树高120 cm范围内随树干高度的增加呈递减趋势。【结论】新疆阿合奇县、乌鲁木齐县沙棘干枯死亡是芳香木蠹蛾、沙柳木蠹蛾危害所致,而芳香木蠹蛾严重发生。芳香木蠹蛾卵的孵化期及初孵幼虫初钻蛀树皮危害时期是药剂防治的最佳时期,可喷洒在沙棘干部31~150 cm位置。【Objective】In order to clarify the cause of the weak and dry death of a large area of Hippophae rhamnoides trees in Aheqi County of Xinjiang and Urumqi County,the investigation of Hippophae rhamnoides forests in two places was carried out in the hope of providing theoretical basis for the effective control of sea-buckthorn pests and diseases.【Methods】The standard survey method was used to investigate the situation of Hippophae rhamnoides forest and identify the species of diseases and insect pests.The damaged Hippophae rhamnoides was dissected to determine its harm characteristics and its spawning position was investigated by means of foot survey.【Results】Hippophae rhamnoides forest in Aheqi County was harmed by the Cossus cossus(Linne)and the Holcocerus Arenicola(Staudinger),and the Hippophae rhamnoides forest in Urumqi County was harmed by the Cossus cossus(Linne),which caused a large area of Hippophae rhamnoides tree weakness,dry death.In Aheqi County and Urumchi County,the occurrence rate of Cossus cossus(Linne)was 52.25%.In Aheqi County,the occurrence rate of Cossus cossus(Linne)was 62.40%,and the population density was 24.62 per plant,with the highest number of 85 per plant.In Urumqi county,the infestation rate of aromatic Cossus cossus(Linne)was 42.10%,the infestation density was 100.62 per infestation,and the single infestation was up to 288.The number of egg blocks in the position of 91~150 cm of Hippophae rhamnoides trunk was the largest,accounting for 54.10%of the total number of egg blocks.The larva of the current year distributed most in the position of 31~60 cm of Hippophae rhamnoides trunk,accounting for 31.05%of the total number of larvae.When the height of the trunk was more than 180 cm,the number of egg blocks and larvae in the current year decreased sharply or even did not distribute.The number of out-of-year larvae in the root of Hippophae rhamnoides was the highest(423,accounting for 45.58%of the total number),and their number decreased with the increase of trunk height within 120

关 键 词：沙棘 木蠹蛾 虫情调查 危害特性 

分 类 号：S433[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]