风机机舱材料雷击损伤对比分析  

Comparative Analysis of Lightning Strike Damage on Materials of Wind Turbine Nacelle

作　　者：钟颖颖 王媛媛 赵信翔 谢欢 ZHONG Yingying;WANG Yuanyuan;ZHAO Xinxiang;XIE Huan(Shanghai Center for Meteorological Disaster Prevention Technology,Shanghai 210009,China;School of Electric Power Engineering,Shanghai University of Electric Power,Shanghai 200090,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市气象灾害防御技术中心,上海210009 [2]上海电力大学电气工程学院,上海200090

出　　处：《电瓷避雷器》2024年第4期82-88,97,共8页Insulators and Surge Arresters

摘　　要：随着风机叶片持续增长,轮毂高度不断增加,机舱雷击事故愈发频繁。现今机舱材料多为玻璃纤维增强复合材料,直接遭受雷击时极易爆裂和燃烧,造成严重损伤。因此,选择5052铝合金、铝塑复合板和Q235B钢板3种具有良好耐火性能的材料进行模拟雷电流试验,结合有限元法分析3种材料雷击损伤特性以及瞬态温升特性,以此选择性能更好的材料保护机舱。结果表明:冲击电流作用下,各材料损伤均以电弧中心凹陷为主,其中5052铝合金损伤面积最大,其次是铝塑复合板,Q235B钢板损伤最小;当转移电荷超过43.08 C、作用积分超过4.66×10^(6)A2·s时Q235B钢板雷击损伤程度最小,5052铝合金最为严重,此时3种材料损伤面积均逐渐趋于饱和。由于Q235B钢板重量较大,实际应用中存在一定困难,综合考虑,铝塑复合板材料能更好地保护机舱。As the length of blades becomes longer and the height of hub continues to increase,the lightning strikes become more frequent.The material of nacelle mostly is glass fiber reinforced polymers,which are easy to burst and burn when directly stroke by lightning that causing serious damage.Therefore,three materials with good fire resistance such as 5052 aluminum alloy,aluminum-plastic composite plate and Q235B steel plate were selected to simulate lightning current test.The finite element method was used to analyze the lightning damage characteristics and transient temperature rise characteristics of the three materials,in order to select materials with better performance to protect the nacelle.The results show that under the action of impulse current,the damage to all materials is mainly caused by the arc center depression,with 5052 aluminum alloy having the largest damage area,followed by aluminum-plastic composite plate,and Q235B steel plate having the smallest damage.When the transfer charge exceeds 43.08 C and the action integral exceeds 4.66×10^(6)A2·s,the damage of Q235B steel plate is the smallest,and the damage of 5052 aluminum alloy is the most serious,then,the damage area of the three materials gradually tends to saturation.Due to the large weight of Q235B steel plate,there are certain difficulties in practical application,so aluminum plastic plate material can better protect the nacelle from lightning strikes.

关 键 词：风机机舱 冲击电流 雷击损伤 瞬态温升 

分 类 号：TM315[电气工程—电机]