基于水化学特征及抽(放)水试验的含水层垂向水力联系研究  

Study on vertical hydraulic connection of aquifers based on hydro-chemical characteristics and pumping(discharging)water test

作　　者：黄欢[1,2] 董书宁 HUANG Huan;DONG Shuning(China Coal Research Institute,Beijing 100013,China;China Coal Technology and Engineering Group Xi’an Research Institute(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710077,China)

机构地区：[1]煤炭科学研究总院,北京100013 [2]中煤科工西安研究院(集团)有限公司,陕西西安710077

出　　处：《煤矿安全》2024年第8期175-183,共9页Safety in Coal Mines

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2023YFF130600)。

摘　　要：新街矿区3-1煤埋深大,煤层顶板巨厚直罗组及志丹群含水层为主要充水含水层,地表水及含水层间的水力联系影响着矿井涌水;基于水化学特征及抽(放)水试验进行了含水层垂向水力联系研究。研究区水化学测试及Piper图结果表明:地表水、志丹群及直罗组含水层水矿化度逐渐增大,水化学类型由HCO3-Ca型转变为SO4-Na型。Gibbs图及SOM模型等分析表明:地表水中离子主要来源于碳酸盐岩、硅酸盐岩的风化作用,志丹群及直罗组含水层离子主要来源于硅酸盐岩和石膏,且直罗组含水层还存在金属硫化物的氧化,地表水、志丹群含水层、直罗组含水层水化学特征控制因素由水岩相互作用转变为蒸发浓缩作用,且志丹群及直罗组含水层有较强的阳离子交替作用。Cl-指标定量表明:地表水与志丹群含水层、志丹群与直罗组含水层水力联系度为0.28,属于中等水力联系程度,地表水与直罗组含水层水力联系度为0.43,水力联系较弱。地面志丹群含水层抽水试验与井下直罗组含水层放水试验表明:志丹群含水层与直罗组含水层间存在水力联系,志丹群含水层与直罗组含水层为矿井主要充水含水层。The 3-1 coal in Xinjie Mining Area is buried deep,and the thick Zhiluo Formation and Zhidan Group aquifers are the main water-filled aquifers,and the hydraulic correlation between surface water and aquifers affects water inrush in the mine.Based on the hydro-chemical characteristics and the test of pumping(discharging)water,the vertical hydraulic connection of aquifer was carried out.The results of hydro-chemical tests and Piper chart show that the salinity of surface water,Zhidan Group and Zhiluo Formation aquifers increases gradually,and the hydro-chemical type changes from HCO3-Ca type to SO4-Na type.The analysis of Gibbs diagram and SOM model show that the ions in surface water mainly come from the weathering of carbonate rock and silicate rock,the ions in Zhidan Group aquifer and Zhiluo Formation aquifer mainly come from silicate rock and gypsum,and oxidation of metal sulfides is also exist in Zhiluo Formation aquifer.The controlling factor of hydro-chemical characteristics changes from water-rock inter-action to evaporation concentration,the Zhidan Group aquifer and Zhiluo Formation aquifer have strong cation alternation.The Cl-index quantitatively indicates that the hydraulic correlation degree between surface water and Zhidan Group aquifer,Zhidan Group and Zhiluo Formation aquifer is 0.28,which belongs to the medium degree of hydraulic correlation.The hydraulic correlation degree between surface water and Zhiluo Formation aquifer is 0.43,indicating that hydraulic correlation is weak.At the same time,the surface pumping test of Zhidan Group aquifer and the underground dewatering test of Zhiluo Formation aquifer further indicate that there is a hydraulic connection between Zhidan Group aquifer and Zhiluo Formation aquifer.Zhidan Group aquifer and Zhiluo Formation aquifer are the main water-filling aquifers of mine.

关 键 词：水化学特征 阳离子交替吸附作用 水力联系 抽水试验 放水试验 

分 类 号：TD745[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]