中国公路货物运输网络效率分析  

Analysis on Efficiency of Chinese Highway Freight Transportation Network

作　　者：郭杰群 林森 GUO Jiequn;LIN Sen(Ningbo China Institute for Supply Chain Innovation,Ningbo 315832,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波(中国)供应链创新学院,浙江宁波315832

出　　处：《物流技术》2024年第7期134-148,共15页Logistics Technology

基　　金：宁波市泛3315项目(2020B-13-6)。

摘　　要：公路货物运输网络是我国交通运输行业重要的组成部分,提升公路货物运输网络效率对降低我国物流成本、促进我国经济发展具有重要意义。阐述了我国公路货物运输网络的发展现状,并运用效率基准分析和非径向超效率DEA模型对2012-2022年我国公路货物运输网络的效率进行了测算。研究发现,中国公路货物运输网络效率总体呈上升趋势,东部地区超效率最高,中部其次,西部最低。还利用Tobit面板模型实证分析了我国公路货物运输网络的影响因素,研究结果显示中国公路货物运输网络超效率的主要因素为经济发展速度、产业结构、单位第二产业增加值的货物周转量、单位公路通过货运量和单位载货汽车货运量,但结果也显示政策和法规调控导向对公路货物运输网络超效率起到负面作用。最后提出了针对性的政策建议。As an important national fundamental and strategic industry,highway freight transportation plays an important role in social and economic development.In recent years,although the highway freight transportation market in China has seen continuous growth in overall demand,issues including high business volume fluctuation,low market concentration,fierce competition and slim profit margin are still prevalent with Chinese freight transportation enterprises,all contributing to the low efficiency and high cost of the Chinese highway freight transportation industry.In this paper,we measured the efficiency of China's high⁃way freight transportation network and looked at the factors influencing it.By selecting data from various provinces and regions in China from 2012 to 2022,and based on the super-efficiency DEA model and To⁃bit regression model,it was shown that significant difference in freight transportation efficiency existed across the regions in China,where,more specifically,the eastern region has the highest efficiency and the western region has the lowest.The study also found that the main factors positively affecting China's highway freight transportation efficiency included economic development speed,industrial structure,cargo turnover per unit of secondary industry added value,freight volume per unit of highway mileage,and freight volume per unit of truck,while policy and regulatory orientation would have negative impact on highway freight transporta⁃tion super efficiency when pressing the enterprises to increase investment.Based on the research results,we put forward the following recommendations and suggestions:accelerating the coordinated development of the logistics industry and the manufacturing industry so as to enhance the core competitiveness of the manu⁃facturing industry and promote the logistics industry to reduce costs and increase efficiency;further optimiz⁃ing the management level of highway freight transportation so as to help the transportation enterprises move upstream in the value ch

关 键 词：公路运输 货物运输 运输网络效率 中国 

分 类 号：F542[经济管理—产业经济] F224