密云水库上游潮白河流域丰平枯特征及其与入库水量的定量关系  

Characteristics of Wet,Normal and Dry in Chaobai River basin,Upper Reaches of Miyun Reservoir,and Their Quantitative Relationship with Inflow

作　　者：熊锐 赵永军[1] 邱云霄 Xiong Rui;Zhao Yongjun;Qiu Yunxiao(Water and Soil Conservation Monitoring Center of the Ministry of Water Resources,Beijing 100053,China;School of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]水利部水土保持监测中心,北京100053 [2]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2024年第4期151-156,235,共7页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：高分辨率对地观测系统重大专项“高分水利遥感应用示范系统(2期)”(08-Y30F02-9001-20/22)。

摘　　要：[目的]揭示密云水库上游潮白河流域水量变化的年际时序规律及丰平枯季节性差异,为京津冀地区水资源高效利用及生态用水保障提供决策参考。[方法]在收集流域水量数据,进行潮白河流域逐月丰平枯水期分析的基础上,采用距平百分率解析潮白河流域水量变化特征,并推导流域丰平枯时段与径流水量的定量化关系。[结果]2010—2021年,潮白河流域的枯水期历时远大于丰水期和平水期时间,但丰水水量及其距平百分比每隔1~2 a均会呈现指数级增长趋势,表明潮白河流域近年来更多的表现出了极端的气候特征。潮白河流域的丰水时段均主要出现在7—12月,流域平水时段基本伴生于丰水时段,但是2010—2021年,潮河与白河流域仅出现了6~7个月的平水期;枯水时段占据了12 a来的大部分时期,阶段性密集分布在除丰水期和平水期以外的所有时段。在所有时段,白河流域的水量均高于潮河流域,这可能归因于春季融雪对径流的补给。[结论]2010—2021年,潮白河流域极端降水时间增多,但枯水时段的比例远高于平水期和丰水期。3者的比例关系是影响流域水量最重要的因素。[Objective] The interannual time-series patterns of water quantity changes and seasonal differences in wet,normal and dry in the Chaobai River basin upstream of the Miyun Reservoir were studied to provide decision support for efficient water utilisation and ecological water security in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.[Methods] Based on the collection of water quantity data and the analysis of the monthly wet,normal,and dry periods,the distance flatness percentage was used to explore the characteristics of water quantity changes in the Chaobai River basin and to derive the quantitative relationship between the wet,normal and dry periods of the basin and the amount of runoff water.[Results] From 2010 to 2021,the dry season of the Chaobai River basin was much longer than that of the wet and normal seasons,but the high water volume and its anomaly percentage showed an exponential growth trend every 1—2 years,indicating that the Chaobai River basin had more extreme climate characteristics in recent years.The wet period in the Chaobai River basin mainly occured from July to December,and the normal period of the basin was accompanied by a wet period.However,from 2010 to 2021,the normal periods of the Chaobai River basin only had a normal water period of 6—7 months,respectively,and the dry period covered most of the 12 years,and it was densely distributed in all periods except the wet dry period and the normal period.During all periods,the water volume of the Baihe River basin was higher than that of the Chaohe River basin,which may be attributed to the recharge of runoff by melting snow in spring.[Conclusion] The Chaobai River basin experienced an increase in extreme precipitation events from 2010 to 2021;however,the percentage of dry periods was much higher than that during the normal and wet periods.The relationship between the proportions of the three periods was the most important factor influencing the change in water quantity in this watershed.

关 键 词：密云水库 潮白河流域 丰平枯特征 流域径流量 

分 类 号：S715[农业科学—林学]