正交三向织物增强铝基复合材料的高温拉伸力学行为与失效机理  

Tensile mechanical behavior and failure mechanisms of 3D orthogonal fabric reinforced aluminum matrix composites at high temperature

作　　者：邵徽凡 蔡长春[1] 王振军[1] 刘其鹏 王艳丽 陈雷 熊博文[1] 张守银[1] SHAO Huifan;CAI Changchun;WANG Zhenjun;LIU Qipeng;WANG Yanli;CHEN Lei;XIONG Bowen;ZHANG Shouyin(School of Aeronautical Manufacturing Engineering,Nanchang Hangkong University,Nanchang 330063,China;AVIC Jiangxi Hongdu Aviation Industry Group Co.,Ltd.,Nanchang 330096,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌航空大学航空制造工程学院,南昌330063 [2]中航工业江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司,南昌330096

出　　处：《中国有色金属学报》2024年第8期2583-2601,共19页The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52165018,52061033,52261031);江西省主要学科学术和技术带头人培养计划资助项目(20225BCJ22002);江西省自然科学基金资助项目(20232ACB204003)。

摘　　要：针对真空压力浸渗制备的正交三向织物增强铝基复合材料,采用实验与数值模拟方法研究了高温(400℃)下的准静态拉伸力学响应及损伤演化与失效行为;根据纱线微观组织和织物结构分别建立了微观和细观尺度代表性单胞,基于组分材料的温度相关的性能参数构建微观单胞有限元模型,计算获得不同温度下纱线的横向和轴向力学性能,进而采用包含基体、纱线、界面的细观单胞有限元模型分析了复合材料热应力和高温拉伸力学行为。结果表明:室温下复合材料存在与织物结构相关的非均匀分布的残余应力,纳米压痕法测得的残余应力与模拟值基本一致,高温状态下残余应力得到释放并使基体和纱线分别处于压应力和拉应力状态;复合材料的高温拉伸模量、极限强度和断裂应变的实验均值分别为107.1 GPa、657.1 MPa和0.78%,均匀化计算的高温拉伸曲线与实验曲线总体上吻合。拉伸初期纱线交织处的基体和界面首先发生损伤,捆绑纱弯曲部位出现局部失效,但复合材料表现出线弹性力学行为。随着拉伸应变增大,捆绑纱和纬纱先后发生断裂,且二者与基体之间的界面出现脱黏现象,拉伸曲线开始表现出非线性特征。拉伸后期经纱失效区域的扩展使得拉伸切线模量明显下降,经纱的轴向断裂最终导致复合材料失去承载能力。数值模拟和断口分析表明,纬纱和捆绑纱因横向开裂而形成较平整的断裂面,经纱轴向断裂后拔出长度参差不齐,其断口存在纤维拔出及其周围基体撕裂破坏的微观特征。3D orthogonal fabric reinforced aluminum matrix composites were fabricated by the vacuum-assisted pressure infiltration techniques.The quasi-static tensile response,damage evolution and failure behaviors of the composites at high temperature(400℃)were investigated using numerical and experimental methods.Based on the yarn microstructure and fabric structure of the composites,microscale and mesoscale represent volume element(RVE)models were constructed respectively.According to the temperature-depended properties of the constituents,a microscale RVE based finite element model was established to predict the mechanical properties of the yarn at different temperatures.On this basis,the thermal residual stress and tensile behaviors of the composites at 400℃were analyzed by the mesoscale RVE based finite element model.The results show that the inhomogeneous residual stress in the as-cast composites is related to the fabric structure,and the calculated residual stress agrees with that measured by nano-indentation method.At the high temperature,the residual stress is released and the matrix pocket and yarns are in compressive and tensile stress states,respectively.The homogenized tensile stress−strain curve is generally consistent with the experimental curves from the high temperature tensile tests,where the average value of elastic modulus,ultimate strength and elongation are 107.1 GPa,657.1 MPa and 0.78%,respectively.In the initial tension stage,local damage zones occur in the matrix pocket and interface between the interlaced yarns,and local failure elements appear on the curve segment of binder yarns,but the composite exhibits a linear elastic response.The damage degree of matrix pocket is aggravated and the local interface debonding develops gradually with the increase of tensile strain.Meanwhile,the local failure zone emergences on the binder and weft yarns successively.As a result,nonlinear mechanical response begins to occur on the tensile curve.In the final stage,the expansion of failure zone on the warp y

关 键 词：正交三向织物 铝基复合材料 残余应力 高温拉伸 力学行为 失效机理 

分 类 号：TB331[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]