宪法观念的中国表达  

The Chinese Expression of Constitutional Concept

作　　者：陈建[1] Chen Jian(Law School,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou,Henan 450001)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学法学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《河南财经政法大学学报》2024年第5期1-10,共10页Journal of Henan University of Economics and Law

基　　金：2020年国家社科基金重点项目“健全保证宪法全面实施的体制机制研究”(项目编号:20AFX009);2025年河南省高校人文社会科学研究一般项目“宪法观念表达的中国话语研究”(项目编号:2025-ZZJH-006);2024年国家资助博士后研究人员计划项目(项目编号:GZC20241556)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：如何认知和理解“宪法”,秉持何种“宪法观念”,是宪法理论研究和实践展开的重要前提。与一国宪法实践天然具有的本土性相契合,宪法观念具有独属于本国的内在特质及表现形式。与其他主体相比,国家宪法观念具有普遍性、主导性、稳定性和实践性。普遍性赋予观念流行的群众心理和社会基础;主导性确立观念竞争中国家的支配地位;稳定性提供观念物化的时间和力量蓄积。三者结合,使国家宪法观念获得了其他主体难以比拟的实践效力。国家宪法观念集中表现为国家使用的“宪法是什么”的话语,传递着国家对宪法的认知和理解,塑造着个体的宪法观念和当下的宪法实践,成为我们在试图回答“宪法是什么?”这样的问题时,凭借直觉或稍加思索就能够加以调用的话语资源。“宪法是国家的根本法”“宪法是治国安邦的总章程”“宪法是治国理政的总依据”,是中国宪法观念表达的核心话语。“根本法”“总章程”和“总依据”,是表达中国宪法观念的具体意象和关键词汇。作为国家高频使用的宪法话语,共同承载着我们国家对宪法的认知和理解,构成宪法观念表达的中国话语体系。How to recognize and understand the“constitution”and what kind of“constitutional concept”to uphold are important prerequisites for the theoretical research and practice of the constitution.In line with the native nature of a country’s constitutional practice,the constitutional concept also has the inherent characteristics and expression forms that belong to its own country.Compared with other subjects,the concept of national constitution has universality,dominance,stability and practicality.Universality endows popular ideas with the mass,psychological and social basis;The dominance establishes the dominant position of the state in the conceptual competition;Stability provides time and power accumulation for the materialization of ideas.The combination of the three makes the concept of national constitution obtain the practical effect that is difficult to be matched by other subjects.The concept of national constitution is mainly manifested in the discourse of“what is the constitution”used by the state,conveying the state’s cognition and understanding of the constitution,shaping individual constitutional concepts and current constitutional practices,and becoming a discourse resource that we can call upon intuitively or with a little thought when trying to answer questions such as“what is the constitution.“Constitution is the fundamental law of the country”,“Constitution is the general charter for governing the country and ensuring its security”and“constitution is the general basis for governing the country”are the core expressions of China’s Constitutional concept.“Fundamental law”,“general charter”and“general basis”are the specific images and key words that express the concept of the Chinese Constitution.As the constitutional discourses frequently used by our country,they jointly carry our country’s cognition and understanding of the Constitution,and constitute the Chinese discourse system for expressing constitutional concepts.

关 键 词：宪法观念 宪法话语 根本法 总章程 总依据 

分 类 号：D921[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]