刑法中幼女规定的体系性思考  

Systematic Reflection on Female Children in Criminal Law

作　　者：陈家林[1] 王成星 Chen Jialin;Wang Chengxing(School of Law,Wuhan University,Wuhan,Hubei 430072)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学法学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《河南财经政法大学学报》2024年第5期45-57,共13页Journal of Henan University of Economics and Law

基　　金：2020年教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“行为人刑法理论在定罪中的再生与限制研究”(项目编号:20YJA820002)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：刑法仅在强奸罪和引诱幼女卖淫罪中使用“幼女”这一特定措辞,幼女是指不满十四周岁的女性。近年来,理论关于幼女规范体系的不同解读,造成法律条文相矛盾的局面。有赖于基于规范文本的体系化思考,使刑法条文相协调。幼女保护年龄法定区间的划分,既量化了法律后果,也蕴含着相应的法律价值和政策考量。相较于已满十四周岁不满十六周岁的未成年女性,幼女无性同意能力具有绝对性。刑法中的幼女与妇女具有不同的内涵与外延,将妇女解释为包含幼女属于类推解释,可能招致错释一条进而错释一片的严重后果,奸淫被拐卖的幼女应以拐卖儿童罪和强奸罪并罚。废除嫖宿幼女罪与保留引诱幼女卖淫罪并不冲突,卖淫幼女污名化的话语体系应被推翻。The Criminal Law only uses the specific term“female children”in the crimes of rape and enticing female children into prostitution,where female children refer to women under the age of fourteen.In recent years,different interpretations of the normative system for female children have led to contradictions among legal provisions.The coordination of criminal law provisions can be achieved by systematic thinking on normative texts.The division of the legal age range for the protection of female children not only quantifies the legal consequences,but also contains corresponding legal values and policy considerations.Compared to underage girls who are over 14 but under 16 years old,it is absolute that femal children have no ability to give sex consent.In criminal law,female children and women have different connotations and extensions.Interpreting women as including female children belongs to the analogy interpretation,which may lead to serious consequences of misinterpreting one article and then misinterpreting another.Raping trafficked female children should be punished for both the crime of child trafficking and rape.Abolishing the crime of whoring female children and retaining the crime of enticing female children into prostitution are not contradictory,and the discourse system that stigmatizes female children for prostitution should be overturned.

关 键 词：幼女 性同意年龄 强奸罪 负有照护职责人员性侵罪 幼女卖淫 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]