非法获取虚拟货币行为之刑法定性——基于“权利束”理论的展开  

The Criminal Law Nature Determination of Illegal Acquisition of Virtual Currency——Expounding Based on the Theory of“Bundle of Rights”

作　　者：宋路明 Song Luming(Law School,Southwest University of Political Science and Law,Chongqing 401120)

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学法学院,重庆401120

出　　处：《河南财经政法大学学报》2024年第5期58-68,共11页Journal of Henan University of Economics and Law

基　　金：2023年重庆市教委人文社会科学研究重点项目“重大突发事件中网络谣言的行刑治理研究”(项目编号:23SKGH001)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：无论是将非法获取虚拟货币的行为定性为财产犯罪、计算机犯罪,抑或认定成立财产犯罪与计算机犯罪的想象竞合犯,均有其局限性。故有必要在肯定虚拟货币的复合属性是行为定性的逻辑起点这一前提的基础上,对虚拟货币的多维度属性进行分置讨论。在技术维度承认虚拟货币的唯一属性,即数据属性;在规范维度承认虚拟货币的复合属性,即财产属性或数据属性,并适时引入“权利束”理论,将虚拟货币在技术维度上的数据属性这一物质基础作为“权利束”的“束点”,将规范维度上由虚拟货币的财产属性、数据属性所衍生出的财产法益、数据法益等法益作为“分支束体”,构建起一种从“束点”到“分支束体”再到具体犯罪是否成立的相对开放的、多层次的、立体化的判断模式。Whether characterizing the illegal acquisition of virtual currency as property crime,computer crime,or the imaginary concurrence of property crime and computer crime,it has its limitations.Therefore,it is necessary to discuss the multi-dimensional attributes of virtual currency based on the premise that the compound attributes of virtual currency are the logical starting point for behavioral qualitative analysis.At the technical level,the unique attribute of virtual currency,namely its data attribute,is recognized.At the normative level,the compound attribute of virtual currency,namely its property attribute or data attribute,is recognized.The“bundle of rights”theory is introduced in a timely manner,and the material basis of the data attribute of virtual currency in the technical dimension is taken as the“bundle point”of the“bundle of rights”.The property legal interests derived from the property attributes and data attributes of virtual currency in the normative dimension are taken as the“branch bundle body”.A relatively open,multi-level and three-dimensional judgment model is constructed from the“bundle point”to“branch bundle”and then to whether the specific crime is established.

关 键 词：虚拟货币 财产犯罪 计算机犯罪 想象竞合犯 权利束 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]