从吉同钧清律讲义透视陕派律学的近代转型  

Perspective on the Modern Transformation of the Shaanxi School of Law Through Ji Tongjun’s Lectures on Qing Dynasty Laws

作　　者：田时雨 Tian Shiyu(Law School,Zhongnan University of Economics and Law,Wuhan,Hubei 430000)

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学法学院,湖北武汉430000

出　　处：《河南财经政法大学学报》2024年第5期157-166,共10页Journal of Henan University of Economics and Law

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“陕派律学研究”(项目编号:18BFX024)阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：随着晚清变法修律活动的展开,新式法律教育也随之兴起。陕派律学代表人物吉同钧兼任京师法律学堂、京师法政学堂、律学馆以及大理院讲习所四处教习,主讲《大清律例》科。由于《大清律例》剧变为《大清现行刑律》及《大清新刑律》,吉同钧遂三易讲义,后称“清律讲义三部曲”。讲义揭示了吉同钧在近代法律转变中的核心观点,即坚守中国传统法律国粹,同时采辑西律之法。他不仅继承陕派律学创始人薛允升的律学研究成果,还打破传统律学同一法系之间横向比较的局限,开创性地将比较视野扩展到不同法系之间,提出“尽用西法”“参用西法”“西法万不能行而仍宜遵守中法”“中律过重亟应改易”四种比较中西律方案。这一中西法律比较分析框架,是近代法律转型的一大突破,也为当前看待中西律之差异提供理论背书。With the development of the legal reform and revision activities in the late Qing Dynasty,new legal education also emerged.Ji Tongjun,a representative figure of the Shaanxi school of legal studies,served as a teacher at the Beijing Law School,the Beijing Law and Politics School,the Law School,and the Da Lisi Institute,where he lectured on the“Qing Dynasty Laws and Regulations”.Due to the drastic change of the Qing Dynasty Laws into the“Current Criminal Law of the Qing Dynasty”and the“New Criminal Law of the Qing Dynasty”,Ji Tongjun changed his teaching materials three times,later known as the“Trilogy of Qing Laws Teaching Materials”.These lectures reveal Ji Tongjun’s core viewpoint in the modern legal transformation,which is to adhere to the essence of traditional Chinese law and adopt the laws of Western law.He not only inherited the legal research results of Xue Yunsheng,the founder of the Shaanxi school of legal studies,but also broke the limitations of horizontal comparison between the same legal system in traditional legal studies.He innovatively expanded the comparative perspective to different legal systems,and proposed four comparative schemes for Chinese and Western law,namely“fully using Western law”,“referring to Western law”,“Western law can never be implemented but should still be followed by Chinese law”,and“Chinese law that is too strict needs to be changed urgently”.This comparative analysis framework of Chinese and Western laws is a breakthrough in modern legal transformation and provides a theoretical backing for the current understanding of the differences between Chinese and Western laws.

关 键 词：清末变法修律 清律讲义 吉同钧 陕派律学 

分 类 号：D909.921[政治法律—法学理论]