激光农业研究进展和展望  

Advancements and prospects in laser agriculture

作　　者：于合龙[1,2] 周雷进雨 徐兴梅[1,2] 杨明来 Jian ZHANG 姜京池 李卓识 YU Helong;ZHOU Leijinyu;XU Xingmei;YANG Minglai;Jian ZHANG;JIANG Jingchi;LI Zhuoshi(College of Information Technology,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China;Institute of Smart Agriculture,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China;Department of Biology,University of British Columbia,Okanagan,Kelowna BC V5K1K5,Canada;Faculty of Computing,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China;National Key Laboratory of Smart Farm Technologies and Systems,Harbin 150001,China;College of Plant Protection,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China;International Cooperation Research Center of China for New Germplasm Breeding of Edible Mushrooms,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学信息技术学院,吉林长春130118 [2]吉林农业大学智慧农业研究院,吉林长春130118 [3]加拿大英属哥伦比亚大学奥肯纳根校区生物系,基洛纳BC V5K1K5 [4]哈尔滨工业大学计算学部,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [5]智慧农场技术与系统全国重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [6]吉林农业大学植物保护学院,吉林长春130118 [7]吉林农业大学食药用菌教育部工程研究中心,吉林长春130118

出　　处：《智能化农业装备学报（中英文）》2024年第3期1-13,共13页Journal of Intelligent Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFD200160202);国家重大农业科技项目(NK202302020205);中国工程院院地合作项目(JL2022-08)。

摘　　要：激光作为一种新兴的人造光源,是20世纪以来最伟大的发明之一,具有功率密度高、方向性好和优良的单色性等优点,在农业领域得到了广泛的应用。激光技术在植物生产、动物管理和菌物研究方面展现了显著优势。文章主要对激光技术在农业领域的研究进展和发展动态进行深入剖析。在植物生产方面,介绍了激光技术在植物诱变育种、促进植物生长发育、提高产量和品质、植物保护、植物检测和植物表型中的应用情况。在动物管理方面,主要分析了激光技术在动物遗传育种、动物生长、动物医疗和动物产品检测方面的研究。在菌物研究方面,重点总结激光技术在菌物育种、菌物生长发育及菌物检测和鉴定中的应用详情。最后,针对激光技术与农业生产研究相结合所面临的困难和挑战,从提升激光技术在农业生产管理中的精度和扩展其适用范围角度出发,提出了激光技术在植物生产精准化、动物生产管理优化和菌物生产科学化的发展方向。虽然激光技术在农业领域已经取得了一系列的成果,但在未来的研究中,应探索更多创新应用,并与人工智能和大数据技术相结合,进一步推进激光技术与农业产业的深度融合,以实现更高效、更智能的农业生产管理模式,为现代农业的发展带来更多机遇和突破。Laser,as an emerging artificial light source,is one of the greatest inventions of the 20th century,featuring high power density,excellent directionality,and superb monochromaticity.It has been widely applied in the agricultural sector.This article provides an in-depth analysis of the research progress and development trends of laser technology in agriculture.In plant production,it discusses applications in plant mutation breeding,promoting plant growth and development,enhancing yield and quality,plant protection,plant detection,and phenotyping.In animal management,the focus is on the use of laser technology in animal genetic breeding,growth,medical care,and product testing.For fungal research,it summarizes the use of laser technology in fungal breeding,growth,detection,and identification.The article also addresses the challenges and difficulties faced when integrating laser technology with agricultural production,proposing directions for future development,such as improving precision in plant production,optimizing animal management,and advancing scientific fungal production.Although laser technology has already achieved significant results in agriculture,future research should explore more innovative applications and integrate with artificial intelligence and big data technologies to further advance the deep integration of laser technology with the agricultural industry,leading to more efficient and intelligent agricultural production management and offering new opportunities and breakthroughs for modern agriculture.

关 键 词：激光技术 农业生产 植物 动物 菌物 

分 类 号：S123[农业科学—农业基础科学]