苹果锈病防治药剂筛选试验  

Fungicide Screening Test of Apple Rust

作　　者：董娟华 于涛 王涛 时玉娟 赵成华 DONG Juanhua;YU Tao;WANG Tao;SHI Yujuan;ZHAO Chenghua(Linyi Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Linyi Shandong 276000,China;Linyi Municipal Government Affairs Service Center,Linyi Shandong 276000,China;Mengyin County Agricultural and Rural Development Service Center,Mengyin Shandong 276200,China;Rizhao Agricultural Technology Service Center,Rizhao Shandong 276800,China;Yishui County Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Yishui Shandong 276400,China)

机构地区：[1]临沂市农业技术推广中心,山东临沂276000 [2]临沂市政务服务中心,山东临沂276000 [3]蒙阴县农业农村发展服务中心,山东蒙阴276200 [4]日照市农业技术服务中心,山东日照276800 [5]沂水县农业技术推广中心,山东沂水276400

出　　处：《果树资源学报》2024年第5期26-28,33,共4页Journal of Fruit Resources

摘　　要：【目的】开展苹果锈病药剂防治试验,以筛选出高效的新型杀菌剂,为苹果生产中防治锈病提供用药指导。【方法】以红富士苹果为试材,选用10%苯醚甲环唑水分散粒剂、43%戊唑醇悬浮剂、25%吡唑醚菌酯乳油、10%多抗霉素可湿性粉剂、70%甲基硫菌灵可湿性粉剂和75%百菌清可湿性粉剂6种药剂,对苹果锈病进行防治对比试验。【结果】10%苯醚甲环唑和43%戊唑醇的对苹果锈病的防效显著高于其他药剂处理,两次施药后,防效接近100%,且两者之间无显著差异;25%吡唑醚菌酯和70%甲基硫菌灵防效次之,且两者无显著差异,第2次施药后,防效均低于90%,在生产上,可做为补充药剂与苯醚甲环唑或戊唑醇交替使用,才能达到较好的效果;10%的多抗霉素和75%的百菌清对苹果锈病几乎没有防效,不能用来铲除苹果锈病。【结论】6种药剂中,10%苯醚甲环唑和43%戊唑醇对苹果锈病的防效最好,两次施药后20 d调查防效接近100%,且处理区内锈病病斑干枯,叶片无新增发病点,可以在生产中大力推广应用。【Objective】A variety of insecticide control tests for apple rust were carried out in order to screen out an efficient new fungicide and provide guidance for the control of apple rust.【Methods】The red Fuji apple was selected as the test material,and 6 kinds of agents were selected,which were 10%phenoxymeclozole water dispersion granules,43%pentazolol suspension,25%pyrazolesterin emulsion,10%polyantimycin wettable powder,70%methylthiomycin wettable powder and 75%chlorothalonil wettable powder to control apple rust disease.【Results】The control efficacy of 10%phenoxymeclozole water dispersion granules and 43%pentazolol suspension against apple rust was significantly higher than that of other pesticides,with control efficacy approaching 100%after two applications,and there was no significant difference between them.The control efficacy of 25%pyrazolesterin emulsion and 70%methylthiomycin wettable powder was next,and there was no significant difference between them.The control efficacy was less than 90%after the second application of both pesticides,and they can be used as supplementary pesticides to be alternated with benzoxazole or tebuconazole in production to achieve better control effects.The control efficacy of 10%polyantimycin and 75%chlorothalonil against apple rust was negligible,and they cannot be used to eradicate apple rust.【Conclusion】Among the 6 pesticides,10%phenoxymeclozole and 43%pentazolol suspension were the most effective in controlling apple rust.After two applications,the control efficacy was nearly 100%20 days later,and the rust spots on the leaves dried up in the treatment area,with no new disease spots appearing on the leaves.These pesticides can be widely promoted and applied in production.

关 键 词：苹果 锈病 药剂 防效 试验 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]