现代煤化工气化能耗评价及节能潜力研究  

Research on energy consumption evaluation and energy conservation potential of modern coal chemical gasification

作　　者：付楚芮 FU Churui(CCTEG China Coal Research Institute,Chaoyang,Beijing 100013,China;National Energy Key Laboratory of Coal Utilization and Emission Control Technology and Equipment,Chaoyang,Beijing 100013,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Coal Based Energy Conservation and Environment Protective Carbon Materials,Chaoyang,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司,北京市朝阳区100013 [2]国家能源煤炭高效利用与节能减排技术装备重点实验室,北京市朝阳区100013 [3]煤基节能环保炭材料北京市重点实验室,北京市朝阳区100013

出　　处：《中国煤炭》2024年第8期181-188,共8页China Coal

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“哈密煤直接转化制备高端精细化学品技术”(2023YFB4103800)。

摘　　要：随着全球对可持续发展和碳减排关注的日益增加,煤化工产业正积极寻求技术创新和发展路径的转变,以实现节能减排的目标。煤气化作为煤化工产业链中的关键环节,其气化效率直接影响煤化工产业的能源消耗和环境影响。以煤气化过程中的物料平衡为基础,通过研究碳、氢、氧元素平衡,热量平衡以及反应平衡常数,阐述了各元素在原料、中间产物、最终产物以及副产物之间的转移和分布,并且模拟计算了煤气化产物中一氧化碳(CO)、二氧化碳(CO_(2))、氢气(H_(2))等产率;以此作为能耗评价基础,对气化主要能效指标,包括有效气成分、冷煤气效率、气化效率等进行了评价,分析了煤气化过程中的节能节煤潜力。以水煤浆气化为案例,分析了水煤浆气化过程中物料和能量的流动,并研究了水煤浆气化效率提升的可能性。通过煤制天然气、煤直接液化、煤间接液化和煤制烯烃工艺节能技术路径研究发现,不同煤化工工艺路径只要进行节能降耗优化,均具有节能潜力,同时在煤化工生产企业如果有效进行污染物处理与再利用也能够进一步降低煤耗和能耗、提高资源利用效率。With the increasing global concern for sustainable development and carbon emission reduction,the coal chemical industry is actively seeking technological innovation and development path transformation to achieve the goals of energy conservation and emission reduction.As a key link in the coal chemical industry chain,the efficiency of coal gasification directly affects the energy consumption and environmental impact of the coal chemical industry.Based on the material balance in the coal gasification process,the transfer and distribution of various elements between raw materials,intermediate products,final products,and by-products were elucidated by studying the element balance of carbon,hydrogen,oxygen and heat balance,as well as their reaction equilibrium constants,and the yields of carbon monoxide(CO),carbon dioxide(CO_(2)),hydrogen(H_(2))and other gases in the coal gasification products were simulated and calculated.As the basis for energy consumption evaluation,the main energy efficiency indicators of gasification,including effective gas composition,cold coal gas efficiency,gasification efficiency,etc.,were evaluated,and the energy conservation and coal-saving potential in the gasification process was analyzed.Taking coal water slurry gasification as an example,the material and energy flows in the coal gasification process were analyzed,and the possibility of improving the gasification efficiency of coal water slurry was studied.Through the study of energy-saving technology pathways in coal to natural gas,coal direct liquefaction,coal indirect liquefaction,and coal to olefin processes,it has been found that different coal chemical process paths have energy conservation potential as long as they are optimized for energy conservation and consumption reduction.At the same time,effective pollution treatment and reuse in coal chemical production enterprises can further reduce coal consumption and energy consumption,and improve resource utilization efficiency.

关 键 词：煤气化 煤化工产业 工艺路径 物料平衡 热平衡 能耗 节煤 

分 类 号：TD98[矿业工程—选矿] TQ53[化学工程—煤化学工程]