帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪的司法误区与理论校正  

Judicial Misunderstandings and Theoretical Correction of the Crime of Helping Cybercrime

作　　者：王华伟[1] Wang Huawei

机构地区：[1]北京大学法学院

出　　处：《财经法学》2024年第5期179-192,共14页Law and Economy

摘　　要：帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪案件数量急速增长的背后,存在司法适用的若干误区。本罪立法已包含刑法干预早期化的思想,其司法适用不宜再过度强调预防性特征,应在绝对的共犯独立性和严格的共犯从属性之间寻找第三条道路,即正犯行为相对宽松的事实性制约。本罪被帮助行为和帮助行为的罪量要求,都在司法适用中被过度放低。被帮助行为的罪量要求只有在一对多共犯参与模式中才能例外性地放宽,帮助行为的罪量认定则应牢牢把握不法关联性,审慎对待银行卡流水金额这样的泛化标准。应当对本罪主观明知进行限制解释,适当收缩推定规则的适用,防止责任主义原则的弱化。本罪的司法认定应在积极治理网络犯罪和宽严相济刑事政策之间取得平衡。Behind the rapidly increasing cases of the crime of helping cybercrime,there exist some misunderstandings in the judicial application.The legislation of this crime has included the idea of advancing punishment and early intervention of criminal law.The preventive characteristics therefore should not be overemphasized in its judicial application.Instead we should find a third way between the absolute independence of accomplice and the strict subordination of accomplice,that is,the relatively loose factual restriction from the principal offender s behavior.The requirements of quantitative elements of crime from the helped behavior and the helping behavior,have been excessively lowered in judicial application.The requirement of quantitative elements of crime from the helped behavior cannot be exempted as a whole,and can only be exceptionally relaxed in“one-to-many”accomplice participation model.The determination of quantitative elements of crime from the helping behavior should be strictly in accordance with the illegal relevance.Broad standards,such as the amount of transaction records in bank card,should be treated cautiously.The“knowledge”element of this crime should be interpreted restrictively.At the same time,the application of the presumption rules should be appropriately limited,to prevent the principle of culpability from being weakened.The judicial application of this crime should strike a balance between the active regulation of cybercrime and the criminal policy of combining leniency and severity.

关 键 词：帮助行为 正犯行为 预防刑法 罪量要素 主观明知 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]