酶联免疫吸附法在萍乡市无偿献血人群HTLV筛查结果中的应用价值  

Application Value of Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay in HTLV ScreeningResults of Voluntary Blood Donors in Pingxiang City

作　　者：危娟 WEI Juan(Laboratory Department of Pingxiang Central Blood Station,Pingxiang 337000,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]萍乡市中心血站检验科,江西萍乡337000

出　　处：《医学信息》2024年第17期154-157,共4页Journal of Medical Information

摘　　要：目的研究酶联免疫吸附法在萍乡市无偿献血人群人类嗜T淋巴细胞病毒(HTLV)筛查结果中的应用价值。方法选取2022年3月-2023年6月在我站无偿献血者12172例为研究对象,首先采用酶联免疫吸附法进行HTLV筛查,初检阳性标本进行双孔复试,复试阳性标本提取样本血液核酸,使用荧光定量核酸扩增(PCR)仪进行病毒核酸扩增检验,采用ROC曲线分析酶联免疫吸附法筛查HTLV的灵敏度、特异度,Kappa检验分析酶联免疫吸附法筛查HTLV与荧光定量PCR确证结果的一致性。结果12172例无偿献血者通过酶联免疫吸附法初筛发现阳性标本29份,初筛阳性率为0.24%;采用荧光定量PCR确证阳性3份,确证阳性率为0.0247%;酶联免疫吸附法筛查HTLV的灵敏度为66.67%、特异度为99.78%,ROC曲线显示,AUC=1(P<0.05),Youden指数最大为0.99;酶联免疫吸附法筛查HTLV阳性率与荧光定量PCR确证阳性结果具有一般的一致性(Kappa=0.257,P=0.025)。结论酶联免疫吸附法在无偿献血人群中筛查HTLV具有一定价值,但是灵敏度相对较低,存在一定的漏诊、误诊。因此,临床应结合核酸检验方法对血液标本进一步检测,以提高检验准确率,进而保障输血安全。Objective To study the application value of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in human T-lymphocyte virus(HTLV)screening results of unpaid blood donors in Pingxiang City.Methods A total of 12172 voluntary blood donors from March 2022 to June 2023 in our station were selected as the research objects.Firstly,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to screen HTLV.The initial positive samples were retested by two holes.The blood nucleic acid of the retested positive samples was extracted,and the viral nucleic acid amplification test was carried out by fluorescence quantitative nucleic acid amplification(PCR)instrument.The sensitivity and specificity of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for screening HTLV were analyzed by ROC curve.Kappa test was used to analyze the consistency between enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for screening HTLV and fluorescence quantitative PCR confirmation results.Results Totally 29 positive samples were found in 12172 voluntary blood donors by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,and the positive rate was 0.24%.Three positive samples were confirmed by fluorescence quantitative PCR,and the positive rate was 0.0247%.The sensitivity and specificity of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for screening HTLV were 66.67%and 99.78%,respectively.The ROC curve showed that AUC=1(P<0.05),and the maximum Youden index was 0.99.The positive rate of HTLV screening by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was generally consistent with the positive results confirmed by fluorescence quantitative PCR(Kappa=0.257,P=0.025).Conclusion Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay has certain value in screening HTLV in voluntary blood donors,but the sensitivity is relatively low,and there are some missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis.Therefore,the clinical should be combined with nucleic acid test method for further detection of blood samples,in order to improve the accuracy of the test,so as to ensure the safety of blood transfusion.

关 键 词：酶联免疫吸附法 萍乡市 无偿献血人群 HTLV筛查 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学] R446[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]