施氮量对旱直播节水抗旱稻‘八月香’产量和稻米品质的影响  

Effects of nitrogen application on grain yield and quality of water-saving and drought-resistance rice‘Bayuexiang’under dry-direct-seeding and dry cultivation

作　　者：张剑锋[1] 毕庆宇 魏源 毕俊国[1] 刘国兰[1] 余新桥[1] 罗利军[1] 侯丹平 ZHANG Jianfeng;BI Qingyu;WEI Yuan;BI Junguo;LIU Guoan;YU Xinqiao;LUO Lijun;HOU Danping(Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center,Shanghai 201106,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市农业生物基因中心,上海201106

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2024年第4期1-7,共7页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：上海市科技兴农项目[沪农科推字(2021)第1-4号]。

摘　　要：为探究旱直播旱管条件下,不同施氮量对籼型特早熟节水抗旱稻‘八月香’产量和稻米品质的影响,设置4个一次性基施氮肥处理:零氮(N_(0),不施氮),低氮(N_(1),90 kg/hm^(2)),中氮(N_(2),150 kg/hm^(2)),高氮(N_(3),210 kg/hm^(2)),在生育期内测定不同处理的‘八月香’分蘖数,叶片SPAD值,干物质质量,并于成熟期考种,测定稻米品质.结果表明:‘八月香’在增施氮肥处理下产量显著增加,结实率,千粒重无显著变化,穗数,每穗粒数显著增加,分蘖数,叶片SPAD值,茎,叶,穗干物质质量也显著增加。增施氮肥导致糙米率,精米率,整精米率显著下降,垩白粒率,垩白度显著增加,蛋白质含量增加,食味值下降。150 kg/hm^(2)处理下‘八月香’产量和米质较高。This study aimed to explore the effects of different nitrogen application rates on the rice yields and quality of extra-early-maturing water-saving and drought-resistance rice(‘Bayuexiang')under dry-direct seeding and dry cultivation.Four nitrogen fertilization rates including O kg/hm^(2)(N_(0)),90 kg/hm^(2)(N_(1)),150 kg/hm^(2)(N_(2)),and 210 kg/hm^(2)(N_(3))were set up.The yields and quality related traits were measured.The results showed that the yield of'Bayuexiang'increased significantly under the treatment of nitrogen fertilizer.The seed-setting rate and 1000-grain weight had no significant change,but panicle number and spikelet number per panicle increased significantly.Tiller number,leaf SPAD value,dry matter weight of stem,leaf and ear also increased significantly.The brown rice rate,milled rice and head milled rice rate decreased significantly,chalk grain rate,chalkiness degree increased significantly,the protein content increased,and the taste value decreased.The treatment of 150 kg/hm^(2) could obtain better yield and rice quality.

关 键 词：节水抗旱稻 “八月香” 氮肥 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]