基于双默克尔树区块结构的交易粒度联盟链修改方案  

Transaction Granularity Modifiable Consortium Blockchain Scheme Based on Dual Merkel Trees Block Structure

作　　者：王冬[1,2] 李笑若 祝丙南 WANG Dong;LI Xiaoruo;ZHU Bingnan(School of Software,Henan University,Kaifeng,Henan 475001,China;Henan International Joint Laboratory of Intelligent Network Theory and Key Technology,Kaifeng,Henan 475001,China)

机构地区：[1]河南大学软件学院,河南开封475001 [2]河南省智能网络理论与关键技术国际联合实验室,河南开封475001

出　　处：《计算机科学》2024年第9期408-415,共8页Computer Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(61872125);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(23A520035);南京大学计算机软件新技术国家重点实验室开放课题(KFKT2022B08);河南省科技攻关项目(232102210192)。

摘　　要：随着区块链技术的蓬勃发展,以区块链为底层架构的信息系统已应用于包括数字货币、供应链等众多领域。在监管和实际应用双重需求的驱动下,可修改区块链技术因能够进行安全且权责分明的数据治理而成为当前研究的热点。然而,目前的修改方案中仍然存在修改权限过度中心化、修改效率不高等问题。针对上述问题,提出了一种交易粒度联盟链账本修改方案,构建了双默克尔树区块结构,利用椭圆曲线加密和迪菲-赫尔曼秘钥交换技术将变色龙哈希陷门信息(即变色龙哈希私钥)加密存储在区块中,降低密钥分发的系统通信开销。在此基础之上,通过默克尔树将修改权与用户绑定,修改提案受权限节点投票审查,有效防止了修改权的滥用,进一步提高了区块链系统的监管问责能力。实验表明,该联盟链账本修改方案的算法执行速率整体达到毫秒级,并大幅降低了链上数据修改操作的额外开销。With the vigorous development of blockchain technology,information systems based on blockchain have been applied in many fields,including digital currency,supply chain and other fields.Driven by the dual needs of supervision and practical application,modifiable blockchain technology has been developed.However,the current modification scheme still has problems such as excessive centralization of modification authority and low modification efficiency.In response to the aforementioned problems,a transaction-granularity consortium blockchain ledger modification approach is proposed.It constructs a dual Merkle tree block structure,utilizing elliptic curve encryption and Diffie-Hellman key exchange technology to encrypt and store the chameleon hash trapdoor information(i.e.,chameleon hash private key)in the blockchain,reducing the system communication overhead for key distribution.On this basis,the modification right is bound to the user through the Merkle tree,and the proposal is subject to vo-ting review by authorized nodes,which effectively prevents the mining of modification rights and further improves the regulatory warehouse capabilities of the blockchain system.Modification experiments show that the overall algorithm execution speed of this consortium blockchain ledger solution reaches the millisecond level,and significantly reduces the additional overhead of data ope-rations on the chain.

关 键 词：联盟链 变色龙哈希 可修改区块链 椭圆曲线加密 数据治理 

分 类 号：TP309[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]