丝路文明交往的缩影:凤首壶渊源追溯及发展流布探析  

The Epitome of Civilization Exchanges on the Silk Road:An Analysis of the Origin,Development and Distribution of the Phoenix-headed Ewer

作　　者：朱歌敏 陈洪海 ZHU Ge-min;CHEN Hong-hai(China-Central Asia“the Belt and Road”Joint Laboratory on Human and Environment Research,Key Laboratory of Cultural Heritage Research and Conservation,School of Cultural Heritage,Northwest University,Xi’an 710127,China;Xi’an Museum,Xi’an 710068,China)

机构地区：[1]西北大学中国-中亚人类与环境“一带一路”联合实验室,文化遗产研究与保护技术教育部重点实验室,文化遗产学院,陕西西安710127 [2]西安博物院,陕西西安710068

出　　处：《西北大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第5期138-147,共10页Journal of Northwest University：Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

摘　　要：凤首壶是中国古代具有异域风格的典型器物之一,根据凤首装饰位置的差异可将其分为A、B两类。通过与国内外类似器物进行对比,本文认为凤首壶的源头可追溯至古代地中海及西亚的“格里芬”造型器皿。北朝晚期,该器物通过陆上丝绸之路从西方传入中国,并在唐代前期得到广泛传播,其形制结构和装饰工艺也逐渐本土化;唐代中期至辽宋时期,凤首壶的本土化程度进一步加深,并开始向区域化和多样化发展;随着该阶段海上丝绸之路的兴起,其作为外销商品输出到东南亚和西亚,对当地产生了一定的影响。凤首壶的发展流布历程,是古代东西方文明依托丝绸之路密切交往的缩影。The phoenix-headed ewer is one of the typical artifacts with foreign style in ancient China,which can be divided into A and B categories according to the difference in the position of phoenix-headed decoration.By comparing with the similar domestic and foreign artifacts,this paper concludes that the origin of the phoenix-headed ewer can be traced back to the“griffin”shaped vessels in ancient Mediterranean and West Asia.This artifact was introduced to China from the Western world through the Land Silk Road in the late Northern Dynasties and widely spread in early Tang Dynasty at the same time,its shape and decoration style were gradually localized.From middle Tang Dynasty to Liao and Song Dynasties,the localization degree of the phoenix-headed ewer was further deepened,and began to develop towards regionalization and diversification.With the rise of the Maritime Silk Road at this stage,the phoenix-headed ewer was exported to Southeast and West Asia as an export commodity,which had a certain influence on these areas.The development and distribution of the phoenix-headed ewer is an epitome of the close exchanges between ancient Eastern and Western civilizations through the Silk Road.

关 键 词：丝绸之路 文明交往 凤首壶 格里芬 

分 类 号：K871.43[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]