我国低空经济的技术经济范式分析与发展对策  

The Technological and Economic Paradigm Analysis and Countermeasures for Developing Low Altitude Economy in China

作　　者：王宝义[1] WANG Bao-yi(School of Traffic and Logistics Engineering,Shandong Jiaotong University,Jinan 250023,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]山东交通学院交通与物流工程学院,山东济南250023

出　　处：《中国流通经济》2024年第9期14-26,共13页China Business and Market

基　　金：济南市高校院所自主培养创新团队项目“基于车路云协同感知的交通系统智能化控制关键技术研究”(20233040);2023年度山东省教育科学“十四五”规划课题“物流新文科建设与物流产业变革互动的逻辑解构与循证研究”(2023YB021);山东省社科联2024年度人文社会科学课题一般项目“交通现代化助推中国式现代化的机制与山东路径研究”(24BJJ190)。

摘　　要：低空经济作为我国战略性新兴产业,具有典型的新质生产力特征。从低空经济的发展看,其符合技术经济范式的一般特征。低空经济发展遵循包含驱动力、新结构与新形态、价值创造活动、价值创造结果四要素的范式。目前,我国低空经济发展总体处于起步阶段,政策风口效应明显,发展前景广阔。依照技术经济范式,从驱动力看,我国正在逐步构建低空技术牵引、低空基础设施保障、低空经济政策助推的驱动力体系;从新结构与新形态看,我国低空经济已经广泛融入农业生产、观光旅游、物流配送、环境监测、应急救援等领域,在信息维度、能量维度、情绪维度的价值不断显现,同时部分城市依托低空经济产业链走出低空经济特色发展之路;从价值创造活动看,我国在低空飞行器制造、低空服务、低空运营维保等领域涌现出一批代表性企业,低空经济的场景和规模不断扩充,价值创造活动前景广阔;从价值创造结果看,近年来我国低空经济规模保持较快增长,在直接带动经济增长的同时展现出降低成本、提高效率、促进就业等社会效益。总体而言,发展低空经济是一项系统工程。尽管我国通用航空发展为低空经济奠定了基础,但与发达国家相比,我国低空经济发展仍然存在诸多不足,顶层设计亟待加强,体制机制有待理顺,技术创新有待加强,场景拓展有待加快,综合成本有待下降,行业保障有待提升。因此,应制定战略规划,统筹低空经济发展,优化低空空域管理,加大财政金融支持,推动低空经济产业链协同发展,加快技术创新与人才队伍建设,加强低空经济基础设施和法规标准体系建设以及安全保障。As the strategic emerging industry in China,low altitude economy has typical characteristics of new quality productivity.From the perspective of the development of low altitude economy,it conforms to the general characteristics of the technological economic paradigm.The development paradigm of low altitude economy follows the logic of four elements:driving force,new structure and new form,value creation activities,and value creation results.At present,the overall development of China's low altitude economy is still in its early stages,but the policy wind effect is obvious and the development prospects are broad.In response to the logic of technological and economic paradigms,in terms of driving force,China has gradually built a driving force system driven by low altitude technology,guaranteed by low altitude infrastructure,and promoted by low altitude economic policies.In terms of the new structure and form of low altitude economy,China's low altitude economy has been widely integrated into fields such as agricultural production,sightseeing and tourism,logistics and distribution,environmental monitoring,emergency rescue;its value in information dimension,energy dimension,and emotional dimension is constantly emerging;and at the same time,some cities rely on the low altitude economy industry chain to explore the development path with low altitude economic characteristics.In terms of low altitude economic value creation activities,there are a group of representative enterprises emerged in China in the fields of low altitude aircraft manufacturing,low altitude services,and low altitude operation and maintenance;and the scene and scale of low altitude economy are also constantly expanding,and the prospects of low altitude economic value creation activities are broad.In terms of value creation in low altitude economy,in recent years,China's low altitude economy has maintained rapid growth rate,and while directly drives economic growth,the low altitude economy also demonstrates social benefits such as reducing costs,im

关 键 词：低空经济 新质生产力 技术经济范式 无人机 电动垂直起降航空器 

分 类 号：F512[经济管理—产业经济]