小儿耳廓畸形无创矫正治疗效果研究  

Study on the effect of non-invasive correction of infants with congenital auricular deformity

作　　者：卓姗姗 任海棠 庞静[1] 王敏[1] Zhuo Shanshan;Ren Haitang;Pang Jing;Wang Min(Department of Otolaryngology Head and Nech Surgery,Tianjin Hospital,Tianjin 30021l,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市天津医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,天津300211

出　　处：《中华整形外科杂志》2024年第8期870-877,共8页Chinese Journal of Plastic Surgery

摘　　要：目的探讨小儿耳廓畸形无创矫正治疗效果及影响因素。方法回顾性分析2019年1月1日至2023年6月30日天津市天津医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科门诊收治的使用国产外耳矫形器治疗的先天性耳廓畸形患儿资料。治疗前常规备皮,先安装矫形器底座并按压贴合耳周皮肤,之后根据耳廓畸形类型安装耳钩及耳盖,胶布固定。矫正治疗期间全天佩戴矫形器,矫正满意后观察1个月无明显反弹,则治疗结束。治疗期间密切观察并发症情况。治疗结束后评价治疗效果,分为显效、有效、无效,计算显效率(显效耳数/总耳数×100%)和有效率[(显效耳数+有效耳数)/总耳数×100%],同时记录显效患儿的治愈时间,并按照不同耳廓畸形类型及矫正初始年龄(<2、2~6、>6周龄)分组,进行相关指标的比较。使用SPSS 23.0软件进行统计学分析,计量资料用±s表示,多组间比较采用单因素方差分析,组间两两比较采用LSD法,计数资料用频数(%或者比值)表示,多组间比较采用χ2检验,组间两两比较采用调整α值的Fisher检验。结果共纳入31例患儿(55只耳),男13例(23耳),女18例(32只耳),出生后4至127 d;垂耳13只,环缩耳6只,杯状耳6只,猿耳4只,招风耳5只,耳轮畸形18只,耳甲腔横突畸形2只,Ⅱ度小耳畸形1只。治疗过程中5只耳出现皮损,5只耳出现轻度过敏反应,2只耳出现严重过敏反应,通过摘除矫正器晾晒后间断涂抹红霉素软膏后明显好转并继续治疗。经无创矫正治疗后患儿耳廓畸形均有不同程度改善,总体显效率为70.91%(39/55),总体有效率为90.91%(50/55),其中,垂耳、环缩耳、杯状耳、猿耳、招风耳、耳轮畸形、耳甲腔横突及Ⅱ度小耳畸形的显效率分别为13/13、4/6、4/6、4/4、4/5、8/18、2/2、0/1。39只显效耳的治愈时间为(36.08±14.77)d。不同耳廓畸形类型的治愈时间不同(P<0.01),组间两两比较显示,垂耳治愈时间较环缩耳、杯状耳、猿耳、招ObjectiveTo investigate the effect and influencing factors of non-invasive correction of infants with congenital auricular deformity.MethodsThe data of infants with congenital auricular deformity were retrospectively analyzed,who were treated with domestic external ear orthosis in the Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery of Tianjin Hospital from January 1,2019 to June 30,2023.Before treatment,the skin was prepared routinely.First,the orthosis base was installed and pressed to fit the skin around the ear.Then,according to the type of auricle deformity,the ear hook and ear cover were installed,and the adhesive tape was fixed.During the corrective treatment,the orthosis was worn all day,and the treatment was ended if there was no obvious rebound after 1 month of observation.The complications were closely observed during treatment.After the treatment,the treatment effect was evaluated and divided into markedly effective,effective and ineffective.The markedly effective rate(markedly effective ears/total ears×100%)and effective rate[(markedly effective ears+effective ears)/total ears×100%]were calculated.At the same time,the cure time of the markedly effective children was recorded,and they were grouped according to different types of auricle deformities and the initial age of correction(<2,2-6,>6 weeks groups),and the related indicators were compared.SPSS 23.0 software was used for statistical analysis.The measurement data were expressed by Mean±SD.The comparison between multiple groups was analyzed by one-way ANOVA.The pairwise comparison between groups was performed by LSD method.The counting data was expressed by frequency(%or ratio).The comparison between multiple groups was performed byχ2 test,and the pairwise comparison between groups was performed by Fisher test with adjustedαvalue.ResultsA total of 31 cases(55 ears)were included,including 13 males(23 ears)and 18 females(32 ears),aged 4 to 127 d.There were 13 lop ears,6 constricted ears,6 cup ears,4 Stahl’s ears,5 prominent ears,18 helical

关 键 词：耳廓 耳廓畸形 无创矫正 治疗效果 治愈时间 

分 类 号：R764.9[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]