社会中介论:来自马克思主义社会学方法论的启发  

Social Mediation Theory:Methodological Inspirations from Marxist Sociology

作　　者：程士强 Cheng Shiqiang

机构地区：[1]中央财经大学社会与心理学院

出　　处：《社会发展研究》2024年第3期20-38,M0003,M0004,共21页Journal of Social Development

摘　　要：构建中国自主社会学知识体系,需要对社会学的方法论体系进一步反思和构建,充分理解和发挥马克思主义方法论的作用。中介论是辩证法的核心思想,从黑格尔的认识中介论到马克思的实践中介论,再到阿多诺的社会中介论,马克思主义辩证法得以重构社会事实、代表性、价值中立等社会学方法论核心要素。在马克思主义社会学方法论的视角下,社会事实是被“中介”过的,不能被当作直接的“物”来对待。个别之物对一般规律的贡献也不是来自于其“代表性”,而是源于其作为“具体总体”所具有的丰富性与独特性。面对受到总体中介的个别事实,价值中立原则不意味着真正全面客观的认识。以社会中介论为基础的方法论,有助于社会学的经验研究克服在多个维度上的二元对立。但这不是简单的折中与调和,而是以中介性思维找到双方相互影响的具体媒介和这一动态过程中的过渡环节。Constructing an independent knowledge system for Chinese sociology requires further reflection and construction of its methodological framework,emphasizing the guiding role of Marxist methodology.Mediation theory,a core idea of dialectics,originates from Hegel's epistemological mediation theory,transitions through Marx's practical mediation theory,and evolves into Adorno's social mediation theory.It reconstructs the core methodological elements of social facts,representativeness,and value neutrality in sociology.From a Marxist sociological methodology perspective,social facts are mediated and should not be treated as direct objects.The contribution of individual phenomena to general laws derives not from their representativeness,but from their richness and uniqueness as a"concrete totality".For individual facts mediated by the totality,value neutrality does not equate to a comprehensive and objective understanding.Using social mediation theory as a methodological foundation helps transcend dualistic oppositions in sociology.This approach is not a mere compromise or reconciliation but identifies the specific mediations and transitional stages in the dynamic process of interplay.

关 键 词：马克思主义社会学 社会中介论 具体总体 实证主义 自主知识体系 

分 类 号：A81[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学] C91[经济管理] B0-0[社会学]